Juicy Couture Advertising Analysis Essay

Typical high fashion advertisements consist of a beautiful female model, wearing the most expensive clothing, looking classy and elegant. Somewhere there is usually a toned gorgeous man looking at her in awe, also wearing incredibly fashionable clothing. These ads, however effective on the minds of the masses, are not the same approach the infamous Juicy Couture brand takes. Bought by all types of women, from mothers to teenage girls, everyone wants to be part of the Juicy phenomenon. Juicy Couture’s image isn’t the stereotypical wealthy, high fashion kind of depiction. They show a more mainstream glamour and luxurious wealth. Their bedazzled track suits and terrier crowned logo shows their abnormal high end fashion. However, the brand is still very fabulous and expensive being â€Å"Made in Glamorous USA† (â€Å"JuicyDeals†). The advertisements of Juicy Couture try to show this same kind of image. The usual Juicy advertisements are displays of a picturesque suspended girl universe, by reflecting a modern, girlish, avant-garde display with a whimsical kind of spirit (Brown et al). Interesting and bizarre, they never fail to catch the eyes of women and girls of every age and race. Juicy couture has a different and outrageous kind of style that never fails to tap into the needs and desires of girls all over. According to their ads, with Juicy couture women can be prominent, can dominate, and can definitely get anything they want. In 2009, Juicy ran an ad campaign titled â€Å"Do the Dont’s. † Each ad depicted models breaking the rules, being rebellious, and going against what is expected by society. One of the ads shows a women dressed in business-like attire, pale skin, and hair done up in a boy-like style. She is leaning against a man dressed in complete contrast to her. He’s tan and dressed in a more feminine fashion with long shaggy hair, a tulle skirt, and carrying a purse. He stands causally like a female with his hip cocked out to the side. In the background you see a pink mansion like house, with beautiful plants and magnificent windows. Above them it says â€Å"Do the Dont’s. † Below that in light blue, the phrase â€Å"You can always get what you want† is written in messy-like handwriting. The items being advertised is everything from clothes, purses, jewelry, and perfumes. The purse and the fur coat, the socks, and the black dress are all Juicy Couture. Below their feet is the unmistakable â€Å"Juicy Couture† logo. In big, bold, fancy lettering, outlined in white. The overall name for the campaign is a striking small simple phrase that catches the eyes and can hook audiences in. On the ad it’s in black block lettering, at the top of the picture in a small type of font. To say do what is unexpected of you is something Juicy already does however, for this campaign, they are saying if girls want to be a part of this fun, superficial, girly, unrealistic world, you have to be different. When the line first came out it was different kind of high fashion that no one had seen before. They then incorporated that into their whole theme of their ads by showing a more unrealistic view of the wealthy with a forward-thinking view of fashion The house is a girly fantasy, being that it is pink, but it also shows how the pair are probably rich, and the rest of the house is just as wonderfully exotic as the two in front of them. It’s like they are a part of this beautiful world that only a few are able to see and to be like those in the picture it is necessary to be just as unrealistic as them. â€Å"You can always get what you want† is the main concept of the advertisement. In a bright blue color and it look as if it was hastily written on top with a paint brush, it is the first thing to notice. The phrase is big, bright, and takes up most of the page making it truly stand out. The two phrases correspond with each other. If you â€Å"do the dont’s† â€Å"you can always get what you want. † Or â€Å"you can always get what you want† by doing the â€Å"dont’s. † The phrase implies that with juicy couture you can get whatever you want. The models in the background give the message even more of a meaning with how they look. They give off the air that they truly can and do have whatever they want. It is even written like the person who wrote it, didn’t care about what people think. Who wouldn’t want to have everything? Jib Fowles in an article wrote about how advertising use different types of appeals in advertising. Fowles says as a â€Å"need for dominance† and a â€Å"need for prominence† is one of the ways that advertisers pull people in. This advertisement feeds the desire for women â€Å"enjoy prestige and high social status† (65). Women aspire to control and want to be admired. These appeals are shown in just the catchphrase of the advertisement, never mind the photo behind them. Although the writing may be the first thing seen behind it is an abstract photo Juicy is famous for. The female model is in control, and strongly dominates the photo. Her direct gaze toward the camera is confrontational showing she is unafraid of power, her smirk saying she already knows she’s got it all. She stands in a firm yet casual pose showing she’s comfortable with her status, even though to some people it could be unsettling. She’s happy and at ease with her life and wouldn’t change a thing. These aspects make her more of a conformist which is opposite of what a women in fashion should look like. She causally has her arm on his shoulder further showing her dominance. He is like her pet, or maybe her play toy (Brown et al). She is prime example as to what Fowles says about prominence and dominance. This model obviously shows both with her strong contrast to her male counterpart emphasizes this fact even more. Dressed casually like a girl the male model’s chest is bare showing to the audience that he’s not trying to be a girl but he’s not afraid feminine side (Brown et al). They differences between our very strange couple also leads into the â€Å"Do the Dont’s† aspect of the campaign. A man dressing like a woman is definitely going against the grain. In most advertisements men are shown as the strong leader of the person who dominates, but here it is quite clear that he couldn’t care less about being in control or anything. He is perfectly happy with his life and how he is dresses. This isn’t what is expected of a man today, not in the least. The point of the ad is to sell the viewer not a single commodity but to convince the consumer that wearing their clothing will lead them to a new lifestyle (Fowles 62). The ads instruct them to do whatever it takes to get the glamorous life they want, doing the â€Å"dont’s† and â€Å"making a mess. † However, it also emphasizes the fact that Juicy Couture is â€Å"Doing the dont’s† with their actually clothing line. With outlandish fashion rules they are trying to get audiences to remember fashion doesn’t have rules, and Juicy took that idea to the next level with their own set of rules. Women don’t have to listen to the conventional rules about life or about what they wear. The ad plays on feminine desires to be better looking than everyone else, to be different and in control.

Activity-based costing Essay

There are many different types of cost systems a company can choose from when calculating their costs. Two of the most frequently used cost accounting systems are a volume based cost system and an activity based cost (ABC) system. Each system has their own advantages and disadvantages and some are more common among certain industries. Wilkerson, like many other companies, used a simple/volume based cost accounting system. Under this system, Wilkerson was inappropriately allocating their costs by assigning the overhead expenses based on direct labor, thus calculating their total costs and operating income incorrectly. If Wilkerson continues to operate their company ignoring the fact that their costs are inaccurate, it is possible that they may make poor business and pricing decisions in the future. Although Wilkerson’s costs are currently being calculated incorrectly, if they decide to use an activity based costing system, they may achieve more accurate results. Using a simple cost accounting system is often easier and less time consuming than an activity based costing system, but it is also less accurate. Wilkerson’s implementation of an ABC system would most likely be very beneficial to the company in terms of both determining their costs more precisely and making overall better pricing and business decisions. An ABC system at Wilkerson would look very different than their current volume based system. Wilkerson’s ABC system would use machine-related expenses, setup labor cost, receiving and production control, engineering, and packaging and shipment as the cost pools. The revised per unit product costs under this system would be $46.17/valve, $58.20/pump, and 115.38/flow controller and the margins would be 46.3%, 33.1%, and -9.9%, respectively. The results when calculating product costs are so different depending on the cost system because we are now actually determining the costs per unit with multiple cost pools because each resource uses a different amount of the indirect resources rather than assigning the manufacturing overhead cost solely based on the direct labor costs. Based on this new accounting information I would recommend that Wilkerson try to make an improvement in their flow controller product. Since the gross margin for this line is negative, if adjustments are made but there is no improvement in its profitability, I would tell Wilkerson to consider dropping the line completely. Although Wilkerson would lose $420,000 in sales, their costs would be reduced by more than this amount, ultimately increasing overall profits for the company. Unfortunately, there are some limitations in our analysis of Wilkerson’s alternative cost systems. One limitation is that we are unable to easily assess how the market will react to a change in the flow controller line. A second limitation that we have to consider when looking at our analysis is that although our cost allocations are much more accurate than before, these costs are still the averages for each product, which could impact how accurate we are in determining the costs. However, if we are able to look past these limitations, our analysis of Wilkerson is beneficial in shaping how the company can more accurately calculate costs as well as be more profitable in general.

Unit 3 -IP- Samples Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unit 3 -IP- Samples - Essay Example In order to test whether the two variables have the same means, a two – sample, two – sided t – test must be performed. The two - tailed test is used because the concern is not whether some variable has a larger or lower mean, but whether the two means are different. As a result, the null hypothesis was established in equation (1) below, stating that the difference in means of the two samples is random. Since the sample sizes are relatively small, the t – test is used as the preferred test (Baltagi, 2008, p.31). The confidence interval is constructed in order to test this hypothesis. The confidence set with confidence level must be determined such that the true difference of the sample means is included in this set. What this implies is that the confidence set will include the true difference of population means with probability â€Å"at least † (Paolella, 2011, p. 13), as shown in equation (3) below: The confidence level chosen is 0.95, which implies that the corresponding confidence set will contain the true population mean difference with 95% probability (Paolella, 2011, p.13). The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is as a result 5% (Baltagi, 2008, p.21). This error is denoted as type I error. The larger the confidence interval, the larger the probability that the null hypothesis will be accepted when it is in fact false (Baltagi, 2008, p.22). This error is denoted as type II error. A t – score must be calculated by subtracting the sample means and dividing by the square root of the adjusted population variances, which can be estimated through sample variances. There are in total degree of freedom (Neustadl, n.d.). The resulting t – value is  ± 2.009, which is also the critical region (Dawson, 2012;Ruud, 2000, p.224). The t – test can be seen in equation (4) below: The t – test is preferred because of the data dependence. Both variables have in common the type of

Undecided Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Undecided - Assignment Example The public meeting was just one of the four Boston based informational meetings that seeks the public views on the future of late-night service. The council and the public discussed plans on how to extend or terminate the pilot late-night service launched in April 2014. In attending the meeting under the invite of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) and Boston City Council, I hoped to share my views on the plans to extend the late-night service. The MBTA invited the registered voters in the locality to the meeting to seek their views on the planned late-night service. Apparently, the meeting runs smoothly though some improvements were necessary. The public was entitled to attend the meeting and make their observations. The host availed the agendas way before the meeting. Moreover, minutes of the public meeting are available upon confirmation. Most people including me arrived about 15 minutes before the meeting so that they could familiarize themselves with the seating arrangement and learn how to use the advanced public system. Prior to the meeting, the host made special seating arrangements for everybody including the disabled. The host also offered American Sign Language Interpreters, handouts, guidelines, and public speaking devices that facilitated communication in the meeting. As such, everybody including the disabled and people with poor English proficiency was comfortable in the meeting. MBTA officials, local and state leaders present at the meeting focused on receiving and responding to public concerns about the planned late-night service. On this issue, the community had a right to comment, ask questions, and vote on the planned transport program. Evidently, the public meeting depicted a democratic process that involved a significant number of people in making a public decision. More so, the meeting is happening in a safe and secure place. In the meeting, the MBTA officials made a PowerPoint presentation on the dynamics of the

Huffman Trucking Controlling User Access Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Huffman Trucking Controlling User Access - Essay Example In addition, importance of role-based access control (RBAC) system along with measures to handle distributed trust management issues for users going to or from business partner networks will be critically addressed. Segregation of Duties (SoD) is widely used security method in the financial accounting system and internal controlling system. The use of SoD will enable Huffman Trucking to restrict power in one hand by disseminating works or tasks to specific user. The main reason behind implementing the SoD, security system is to prevent conflict, wrongful acts, fraud, abuse and errors. SoD embraces particular security process within multiple employees that will ensure the employees in Huffman Trucking are prevented from engaging in any possible conflicts and frauds. Moreover, SoD facilitates in detecting failure of control that includes breaches in the security, avoidance of security controls and potential data or information theft. (Coleman, 2008). Role is defined as collection of rights, position and duties within an organization. Moreover, it involves authority, responsibility and interaction. The main purpose for defining roles in an organization is to ensure that tasks, which are needed to be performed, are assigned to specific users who are accountable for the same. Generally, the users have to perform basic and functional roles whereas the system access serves as a security method and control the users’ access to various resources in the system. This ensures only the authorized user to access the resources with proper control policy. Correspondingly, data segregation and system access will enable Huffman Trucking to gain substantial control over data access by allowing users to access only those files having privilege to access them and separates duties with proper information sharing and privacy (Kugblenu & Asim, 2007). Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) system is an access control system, which is used in an organization in order to ensure that

Male Verses Female Leaders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Male Verses Female Leaders - Essay Example The men believe that the decisions should quickly get across the board while the women tend to be smooth within their leadership perspectives. Their leadership styles bank a great deal on how their tasks get done with their own perspectives. Since men believe that they can be aggressive and are good at it, their work and hence the leadership angle is filled with a hard-hitting approach while the exact opposite is the case with women who do it mildly, thinking time and again on the decisions they are about to undertake. When it comes to the two sexes, the leadership styles are sometimes shared within them. Some women tend to be good at leadership by being hard-hitting in their approach while some men like to do it in a mild way nonetheless (Winter 2001). What is most important here is the approach adopted by both of these sexes in order to showcase their control and take the responsibility for the leadership roles that they have played all this while. I believe that men are better leaders than women. This is based on pure research more than my intent. I am of the view that since men have been better leaders up till this time, it is only natural to credit them with praise when the discussion centers on the premise of who makes a better leader between the two sexes. The world has started to view things differently however. First it was all about men being in pertinent positions but this is not the case any more as more and more women are taking up the leadership roles and that too for the betterment of not only their professional domains but also the organizations that they work for. I would prefer to work for a male leader more than a woman because I believe the male leaders take everything into their grasps before taking a decision which could be regarded as one that is purely from a leadership perspective. My opinion is based on my prior work experiences where I had this woman leader who did not know what to do and how to work

Pollution in the environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Pollution in the environment - Essay Example Holdgate also asserts that, â€Å"the significance of pollution is related to its effects on a range of targets or receptors including man and the resources and the ecological systems on which he depends† (17). As human beings have flourished in all the fields of science such as medicine, technology, nuclear bombs etc. the types of pollutants have also become very diverse beginning from vehicle smoke to radioactive chemicals and extremely dangerous ultra-violet rays. Hence it can be inferred that the damage is now out of control because every aspect of human life that is associated with comfort and health directly or indirectly discharges some form of pollutant and helps in further destroying the environment. 1.1. Types of pollution Any type of component, rays or object that effects the environment is some way can be perceived as a pollutant as it is, â€Å"any substance introduced into the environment that adversely affects the usefulness of a resource† (Hill 8). Conse quently pollution can be divided into many sub-divisions such as air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, light pollution etc. Although the causes for all these types of pollutions are self-explanatory yet it is interesting to observe the manner in which one component helps in spreading so many types of pollutions all at once. For example radioactive rays and chemicals simultaneously hold the power of polluting the natural resources like soil, water, plants and air. Then again noise, smoke and light can be dangerous for the atmosphere as well as the ozone layer which is protecting us from highly radioactive ultraviolet rays of the sun. Even the cutting down of trees and forests can also be perceived as a form of pollution spread because less tress mean less greenery and excessive spread of pollution as plants and trees fight against pollution by absorbing many harmful gases that are present or discharged in the atmosphere. Hence it can be understood that alth ough urbanization and modern advancements in the fields of science and technology have its perks yet it has also resulted in stealing the peace, quiet and beauty of nature leaving man in a figurative desert of unhealthy surroundings where everything is either stale or dull devoid of freshness and life. Although all ecosystems of planet earth are very important yet it should be realized that it is impossible for human beings to survive without water and some of recent incidents of spilling of highly dangerous substances in different seas and oceans show that human beings are not understanding the extent of damage that is going to be caused and is being caused because of their carelessness. Moreover this issue requires some careful planning and plotting to remedy the situation otherwise there is a possibility that human beings will be facing water shortage which will ultimately lead to vanishing of water from planet earth which in other words means death. 2. Water Pollution Water poll ution can be defined as, "any impairment of the composition or state of water resulting directly or indirectly from human agency, in particular to the detriment of: its

Discuss the political, social, and economic consequences of Martin Essay

Discuss the political, social, and economic consequences of Martin Luther - Essay Example The pope, who was considered to be the supreme communicator with God, had considerable sway in the progression of peace, war, etc. As time progressed on, the church became corrupt with power, often restricting the proliferation of scientific works as well as participating in the sale of indulgences. It was not until a man named Martin Luther stepped forward and confronted the dealings of the church that change in the political, social, and economical structures of medieval Europe began to change. Martin Luther published what he termed the Ninety-Five Theses, which talked about the sale of indulgences and keeping information only in those that were trained to read and write in Latin. By doing so, Martin Luther was excommunicated from the church and declared an outlaw. Martin Luther is often credited of starting what became known as the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther’s followers broke off with him from the Christian church and formed what became known as the Protestant re ligion of Christianity. This posed a big change in the arena of how the Christian church played in politics. ... This armed the population with knowledge that had previously been restricted. As a result, the public could now read and form their own opinions on events and research, which occurred during this time period. The biggest economical factor, which was affected due to the Protestant Reformation, was the sale of indulgences. Sales of indulgences was basically a way for the church to earn money through people paying money and essentially buying their way into Heaven. Martin Luther completely disagreed with this saying that people were admitted into Heaven based on the good deeds and merit of their soul that they earned throughout their life. When he shed this information into the light of the public, the church tried to defend themselves and the reason that people were being granted such treatment was because the money was going to fund the churches operations and to continue the spread of Christianity around the world, as was the will of God. Martin Luther was a servant leader of the peo ple. Being a man of God, he felt that it was his duty to point out the corruption within the church and how the Christian church was using it as a way of exploitation. Martin Luther started out without the intent of starting a new religion, but rather hoped in the reformation of the current one. Socially, however, the new church of Protestantism was formed. In addition, society began to learn, as they were no longer left in the dark when it came to the sharing of knowledge. The Protestant Reformation was only a crack in the mirror because as a result of the first major split in Christianity, more would soon follow leading to the many forms of Christianity that exist today. References Spielvogel, J.

Majors Forces That Have Privatized Religion Essay

Majors Forces That Have Privatized Religion - Essay Example Individualism has made privacy and personal beliefs to become more crucial than society-wide shared convictions. Multiculturalism has made forbearance win out upon religious intolerance; nowadays, religious persons are protected lawfully against prejudice. This denotes that no specific religious organism can dictate law, introducing a level playing-field for creeds to contend. This regularly leads to devotees becoming disillusioned concerning which conviction is appropriate, permitting people the option to desert religion completely. Science, education and intelligence are all roots of the end of religion, since they cause individuals to be incapable of remaining religious. Lastly, the human rights concept has made numerous religious practices appear immoral and barbaric, as gender impartiality, racism and bias against homosexuals have been conquering over religious doctrines, which oppress and stigmatize some individuals. This paper will identify and critically discuss the major for ces, which have privatized religion in modernity. Compartmentalism and Modernism Modernism, in respect to religion, is mainly tied up with compartmentalism and individualism. These entails the way a person’s private life has become detached to one’s political opinions, intellectual achievements, religious beliefs and work-life. This compartmentalism, therefore, has made religion to let down its central duty within people's lives. Religion was present from birth-death; however, now each phase of people’s lives has diverse authorities. Secular regime now decrees law and education; however, until lately both had been seized by Christian establishments. People pick their employment, lifestyles and beliefs largely autonomously. They must fit round each other. Therefore, modernism has made religion capitulate to tolerance and reason: currently, there is an open market not only for merchandises, but for faiths. This is as well because of multiculturalism (Wilson 4). On the 20th Century advent, Pope Pius X professed that modernism is the establishment of all dissents. That modernism places the axe on the root, and not on the branch. Obviously, Pope Pius X was correct. Modernism is the cause of all heresies, which has gone to the heart of belief traditions, confronting the very concept of doctrine. He was right concerning the profound pulsating of the roots, which modernism caused to Catholicism as well as to religion at large (Wilson 4). Individualism (Religion is not Public, is Private) In the contemporary democratic society, there is an ethnicity of moderation and toleration towards dogmas, so that individuals are ready to assent to the most radical belief differences as signifying personal preference, not as signifying moral dilemmas, which require Church or state intervention. Intelligent debates and discussions are available in books and Internet, covering each aspect of faith. The individualism era has rendered religion to a private preferen ce, not a collective one. Persons can pick as well as choose their faiths from those round them and strict religious groups capable of imposing the advent of appropriate belief are in inexistence. Belief has been internalized in synchronization with the manner in which the personal opinion dominance reigns over the now defunct notion of a communal religious norm (Giddens 2008). Currently, public religion does not exist. People have accepted that dogmas are dogmas; discrete from the distinctiveness of a person, and no religion or government has the right to enforce their beliefs on people. Empathy on persons who have diverse beliefs has intensified because of an augmented accent given upon the morals of individual

Organism Physiology Essay Example for Free

Organism Physiology Essay Introduction This paper will clearly display a diagram of an organism of the student’s choice. This organism will display all of the main structures of the primary organs by labeling. Careful research will exhibit the concepts of natural selection and adaptation. Selected organism will address the proper concepts that apply. Three physiological adaptions were investigated by the student. Upon conclusion of the student’s investigation, knowledge will grant the understanding of how physiological adaptions allow the selected organism to thrive in its ecological niche. The organism that was selected for this essay is the Fish. External Anatomy This diagram below was provided and reproduced with the kind consent of WWW.FLORIDA FISHERIES.COM. Florida Fisheries has developed and provided the illustration of the external detail breakdown of a largemouth bass fish as shown below: Explanation of why nuisance species like the Fish share an equal importance to the economy and to ecology. Fish evolution and adaption process has produced many species that are a great contribution to mankind in many aspects. INTERNAL ANATOMY There are many variations of fish; who are defined as animals. Fish represents the most common living vertebrates. Currently, there are an estimation of at least 25,000 species of fish who are living today and this number is growing. The cold-blooded fish have a backbone and fins. In  addition, fish breathe through an airway named gills. Fish have skin however, on top of the skin is scales. There are some fish who do not have scales; as catfish who only have skin. Fish are able to steer, stop, move, maintain their position and stop by using their fins. The location of these fins vary in different fish. As for the scales on fish they vary as well. Amazingly all fish have a slimy mucus covering that protect fish for obtaining infections. Fish are referred to as aquatic vertebrates and they have appendages which have gone through the adapted process over a set time frame for the purpose of swimming. Mastering their domain which is water have gained the attention of many scientist. Fish come in various sizes and colors and have hearty appetites which substantiates their ability consume a large variety of foods. Evolution and Adaption Process There are many different species of fish. The first fish were vertebrates which were labeled as Ostracoderms. These fish were evident during the Cambrian Period approximately 510 million years ago. These vertebrates became extinct when the Devonian period ended 350 million years ago. One of the distinct character traits of these fish were jawless and their primary home was always in fresh water. Another distinct trait was their size which measured less than 30 cm (1foot long). Their external appearance as a bony scales covering the entire body of the fish. Osteichtyes are a class of bony fish that exist about 20,000. This class of fish which has a history of more than 410 million years include: tuna, eels and many other varieties of bony fish. These fish ceased to exist when a class of large humongous fish like the Sharks, Whales, and Placoderms arrived on the scene. Evolution has proven for these fish to exist their lungs increased allowing these fish to develop a swim bladder. This evolution process allowed these fish to float in the water no matter how high the water is. In addition, this evolution became very evident in the fish lungs. There are many categories however the three major for bony fish are: lung, ray-fins, and lobed. Their existence depends on the type of water that they live in. When these fish live in fresh water the oxygen level must have at least ninety percent. Their physiological characteristics of these fish gills is to strategic conduct a gas exchange where these fish maneuver water across their blood vessels. This fish gills are a very important physical trait  which is covered by opercula. This part of the fish looks like large plates. Digestive, and circulatory systems of these fish operate with a heart that has only two chambers. Conclusion Fish are a proven great contribution to all of mankind. Their evolution has proven to be very successful for a proven source for all of mankind. Gaining a greater understanding of their past to present will establish boundaries to protect their ongoing evolution. Some of the concepts of adaption and concepts of natural selection of how these fish thrive in its ecological niche have been addressed. Reference 1. WWW.FLORIDA FISHERIES.COM 2. www.lookd.com/fish/evolution.html

Principles, Characteristics and Features of Programming

Principles, Characteristics and Features of Programming Discuss the principles, characteristics and features of  programming using a .NET framework. The .NET Framework is created as an integrated environment for seamlessly developing and running applications on the internet, on the PC as Windows Forms, and even on the compact Framework mobile devices. The Main goals are: 1.Provide scenario across a wide range of programs. 2.Provide a scenario that reduces the (DLL) versioning conflicts that is tackled by COM programmers 3.Simplification of the code installation and distribution steps. 4.Supply portable environment. 5.Supply managed scenario in which code is better verified for safer execution. To gain these broad objectives, .NET Framework is divided into 2 steps: 1.CLR (Common Language Runtime) 2.FCL (Framework Class Library) Questions: Q: B. For M1 Provide a detailed explanation including also a diagram of the .Net framework architecture.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   The Microsoft.Net Framework serves as platform for tools and technologies you require to develop Networked pragmas, Web Applications, and Distributed Web Services. Net Framework supplies the required run-time and compile-time basis to develop and execute any language that is compliant to Common Language Specification(CLS). The major components of.Net Framework are Common Language Runtime(CLR) and the.Net Framework Class Library(FCL). The Common Language Runtime(CLR) is a runtime environment of the.Net Framework, that runs and manages all avail code like a Virtual environment. The .Net Framework Class Library(FCL) is a massive collection of language-independent and type-safe reusable sets. The .Net Framework Class Libraries (FCL) are grouped into a logical grouping according to their specific functionality and usability and it is referred as Namespaces. Task 2: P1.2 the student: Question: Q: With the use of diagram critically compare at least 2 different types of .NET framework architectures. Microsoft.NET framework architecture is the model of programming for the.NET platform. The .NET Framework architecture supplies a controlled execution scenario, simplified integration and creation and deployment with a wide selection of programming languages. The .NET Framework   architecture class library is a comprehensive, object-oriented sets of reusable methods a developer can utilise to build applications. The .NET Framework architecture class library incorporates ADO.NET, ASP.NET, and Windows Forms. (CLR)   Common language runtime is the main runtime engine core for executing applications with in the enviorment . Common language runtime CLR is a safe area   a sandbox   where the .NET code runs. Code that runs with in the CLR is referred as A managed code. It is highly guarded from the external environment and fully optimized within, gaining advantage of the methods that the CLR supplies such as security, performance, deployment facilities, and memory control, this also includes garbage collection. For P1.3 Critically evaluate the two components found in the .NET framework architecture. As previously mentioned, .NET Framework is a platform that supply tools and mechanism to build Windows applications. Two common components are. Common language Runtime (CLR) .NET Framework Class library Common language Runtime (CLR) .Net Framework supplies runtime environment called Common Language Runtime CLR. It supplies an environment to launch all the .Net applications. The code running under the CLR is called as Managed Code. CLR is also in charge of managing the memory and threating of its running apps. The Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) is a Programing language used as the exodus of a multiple compilers (C#, VB, .NET). The ILDasm (Intermediate Language Disassembler) program that ships with the .NET Framework SDK (FrameworkSDKBinildasm.exe) allows the user to see MSIL code in human-readable format. Net framework Class Library (FCL) FCL supplies UI, data access, DB connection, cryptography, web apps development, numeric algorithms, and network communications. Developers code software by merging their own source code with .NET Framework together with other libraries. .NET Framework is created to be used newer apps developed for Windows platform. Microsoft also developed an integrated development environment largely for .NET software called Visual Studio. BCL is a superset of FCL and refers to the entire class library that ships with .NET Framework. It includes an expanded set of libraries, including ASP.NET and windows form among others. BCL is larger in scope than standard libraries for languages like C++

The Use of Metaphors in Information Systems :: Technology Computer Science

Metaphors: Here, There, and Everywhere Designing for the Average Joe A metaphor can be defined as â€Å"a figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison† (dictionary.com). We use metaphors in our everyday language more than most people realize. But metaphors are also vital in the field of Information Systems, especially in the design of user interfaces. To the â€Å"Average Joes† of the world, or those people who have difficulty understanding the complicated concepts of digital storage, information transmission, and processing, metaphors provide them with relevant concepts to which they can easily relate. Therefore, metaphors allow a significantly larger amount of the worldly population to use many of the common technologies that we take for granted today. Metaphors â€Å"Right Under Our Nose† Every person in that worldly population can relate to the use of metaphors in everyday speech, no matter what their language. It is not uncommon for someone to encounter metaphors multiple times in one day, though many times they go unnoticed even if they are â€Å"right under our nose.† These metaphorical phrases are not meant to be taken literally. For example, when someone tells you to â€Å"bite the bullet,† they are not requesting that you actually put a bullet in between your teeth. In fact, they are asking you to bravely face up to something unpleasant just as many soldiers were asked to clench a bullet in between their teeth (in lieu of anesthetics) to transfer the pain of the amputation or surgery (something very unpleasant indeed) that they were about to undergo (â€Å"Expressions and Sayings†). You may also hear someone refer to a person as â€Å"blowing their own trumpet.† Again, this is not to mean that they are playing a brass instrument, but that they are boasting about themselves, as if they were providing their own fanfare for their arrival (â€Å"Expressions and Sayings†). If anyone were to claim that such phrases were to be taken literally, they would be â€Å"pulling your leg.† In other words, they would be teasing you and not telling the truth. This particular metaphorical phrase originates in Scotland, where someone may have â€Å"withdrawn the legs† from under someone in order to put the person at a disadvantage, perhaps to rob him (â€Å"Expressions and Sayings†). The saying is used in a much lighter sense today, but still remains a very common metaphor.

The Evolution and Duties of Teaching :: essays research papers fc

The Evolution and Duties of Teaching   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most people think that the only thing you need to do to be a teacher is to teach children. There are plenty of other tasks that follow. In the year of 1829, Samuel R. Hall in his Lectures on School Keeping maintained that many of the deplorable conditions in schools that were due to poor teaching, even going so far as to quote from a writer in the Journal of Education who claimed that â€Å"every person who is conscious of his imbecility in other business, esteems himself fully competent to train the ignorance and weakness of infancy, into all the virtue and power and wisdom of maturer years.† Hall started the first normal school to prepare teachers at Concord, Vt. in 1823. On July 3, 1839 the first state supported normal school started in Lexington, Mass. Training was progressed very slowly before 1850. During the next 100 Years the teacher education progressed rapidly. By 1890, there were 204 state, city, and private normal schools. Courses for teachers were offered in 114 colleges and universities. In 1950, there were 1,093 institutions preparing teachers; 432 were public, and 661 were private. In 1900 there were 172 public normal schools in the United States. Elementary teachers are also known as primary school teachers. They teach children from Kindergarten to sixth grade. Teachers introduce things like numbers, language, science, and social studies. They also teach the children how to develop into confident healthy young children. Teachers work real close with parents to help the children develop their full potential.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elementary school teachers often teach a wide variety of subjects. Some teachers specialize in a couple of subjects and teach many different classes. They are very busy at all times. The stand in front of the students and teach. When they are not in the front of the classroom teaching they are putting together lesson plans for the upcoming days and correcting papers. Other parts of their job includes figuring out interesting and innovative ways to approach educational topics including; lectures, group discussions, hands-on activities, computer research, etc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Teachers pass on academic subjects certain values and morals. Teachers watch children’s social skills and try to resolve any problems they see. They are also looking for accidents, signs of illness or any learning problems. They also look for any abuse areas that the child might face at home or any other place.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Teachers meet with other teachers to discuss things and to do

All of Childhood is Essentially Preparation for Adulthood

It is said that all of childhood is essentially preparation for adulthood. Children, during the precious few years they spend without the responsibility, awareness and experience to be considered adults, watch and mimic the world around them, for it is by mimicking that they learn to become adults themselves. Both â€Å"Werewolves in Their Youth†, by Michael Chabon and â€Å"The Man in the Well†, by Ira Sher, promote the supposition that all of childhood is preparation for adulthood, by revealing characteristics and attitudes in young children that show glimpses of the world and environment in which they were raised and by which they were shaped.Both stories, additionally, give insight as to what it is that separates adults from children, both by contrasting adult and child characters and by leading the reader to a directed realization of what characteristics of behavior define adulthood. In â€Å"The Man in the Well†, Sher begins by having the nine year old chil d, whose name is the only one among all of the children that we never learn, state that although he remembered that the children had made the decision not to help the man stuck in the well, he didn’t remember if they’d given themselves a reason for not helping.(Sher, 1) The act of making a decision without giving a reason is both very childlike and very adult-like. Children, without the ability to make critical decision and employ as rational thought as adults, often make decisions without reasons, functioning mainly on impulse. Will I swing on the swings or ride the slide? Slide it is – but why? But failing to give a reason for a decision can also be a very adult-like quality. After all, hasn’t everyone heard their mother voice the statement â€Å"I don’t need a reason, I’m your mother†?Adults and especially parents will often make a decision without giving a reason to enforce that they are beyond needing to give a reason and should not be questioned by virtue of their status as adults. So while the children’s decision not to help the man in the well was not supported by a reason, and while that may have only been a sign of childhood impetuousness, it can also be a sign of imitating the adults that have provided the examples to follow in their lives.The next sign in â€Å"The Man in the Well† the childhood is essentially preparation for adulthood is in the children’s unwillingness to give their names to the man in the well, exhibited by the careful way in which they talk and the embarrassment felt when one child’s name is accidentally revealed. (Sher, 3) This, like making decisions without giving reasons, can also be seen as both an adultlike and a childlike trait, bridging the behaviors of one generation to the next. Remaining nameless is a way to hide, and in a situation where the children are already a bit fearful and unsure of their own actions, hiding is natural instinct.Indeed, when the boy whose name has been revealed decides to reveal the names of all of his friends who have also ignored the plight of the man in the well, the protagonist compares the faces of the children clustered around the well as their names are announced to the faces of â€Å"spectators in the freak tent when the circus† comes to town. (Sher 5) This comparison shows an awareness of behavior that is startling adult in nature. As Aaron brings everyone out of hiding by announcing names, they begin to see themselves as if watching a carny at the fair. Without the cloak of anonymity to hide behind, awareness is built.This is a very adult-like reaction, in that roles are often carried out anonymously in the adult world, to protect at times and to cloak in others. How many accused criminals know the names of the jurors in whose hands their fate is held? How many American citizens know the names of the cabinet members and advisors that the president uses to make decisions that will impact both the country and the world? There is safety in anonymity. Similarly, in â€Å"Werewolves in Their Youth†, the children, Timothy and Paul, find safety in creating roles and identities for themselves beyond those by which their parents, teachers and friends know them.Both children have suffered difficulties at home and at school. Timothy seems to have lost a father to Vietnam and Paul’s own father seems to be on his way out of his life, the result of an imminent divorce. (Chabon 2, 4) Both mothers are depicted as frazzled women trying to do their best. And both Timothy and Paul have attended the same doctor, implied to be a psychiatrist, perhaps as a result of their home lives or perhaps a result of the teasing they face in school and the perception that they are each other’s only friend.(Chabon, 8) Therefore, it is in the roles that they create for themselves, similar to the anonymity in â€Å"The Man in the Well†, that they find safety. This, a t first, can seem to be a very childlike reaction – two children entering into a land of make believe in order to shelter themselves from the outside world. However, it is a very psychologically profound reaction that shows their tendencies toward adulthood. We see in Paul’s behavior his imitation of his mother, even in his role as â€Å"Ant-Man†. His mom, apparently a realtor, is his basis for the behavior he exhibits when showing ants around in the village he has created for them.(Chabon, 1) He perceives his mother’s role as a realtor as a powerful one, apparently, because in transforming into his role as Ant-Man, he exhibits power over the ants. One of the clearest examples of childhood as preparation for adulthood occurs towards the end of â€Å"Werewolves in Their Youth†. Paul has been extremely reluctant to be lumped in with Timothy and exhibits defiant behavior when they are in the office together, turning his back on what he has already ack nowledged is his only friend. Mrs.Gladfelter, the children’s teacher, has tried valiantly to convince Paul to help Timothy come out of the character he has assumed and used to terrorize girls on the playground: that of a werewolf. Paul, caught in the trap of childhood, tries to convince himself that he sees signs that Timothy is actually a werewolf, seeing a â€Å"werewolf glint† (Chabon, 7) in his eyes and the â€Å"thin, dark down of wolfish hair† upon his cheek (Chabon, 9). He struggles to make adult sense of this, however, and is torn by his desire to distance himself from this friend and the desire to help.He finally makes his decision: he will help. Donning the persona of the professor that Timothy has repeatedly referred to him as, he plays into Timothy’s fantasy that he’s not yet found an antidote for his werewolfism. As he’s being lead out of the office and back to class, he stops, turns around and with his imaginary gun, takes care ful aim at Timothy, telling him that he’s going to shoot him with a dart filled with antidote and tranquilizer. He then pretends to shoot at Timothy, and Timothy, well within this fantasy world himself, proclaims himself cured.(Chabon, 10) To the bystander, it might appear that these are simply two kids playing a game, but Paul has the adult awareness to see that his teacher is looking at him approvingly for his actions. This is not different from how many parents cope with the ills their children suffer – engaging in fantasy to heal wounds and distract from pain. Both Chabon and Sher clearly show in the characters they have created that the actions and reactions children work through during childhood is an imitation of the adult world in which they live.Because of that imitation, the children are forming their future selves for the adults that they will someday become – preparing for adulthood starts young. By looking at the short stories by these authors, trai ts are shown that differentiate children from adults. The key trait, beyond age and experience, that separates adults from children is awareness. In the Chabon story, Paul becomes aware at the end that he must take actions to help his friend Timothy, and that without those actions, Timothy might not be able to battle his own demons and get back to acting in a normal fashion.This awareness is a giant leap for Paul towards the responsible adult that he will become. In the Sher story, we leave off with the adult feeling of guilt – the nameless protagonist leaves the well for the final time and vows never to return. (Sher, 6) The child has become aware that his actions have been shameful – he and his friends have left a man in the well to die, instead of obtaining help that is so readily available. He is also aware that all of the children feel equally guilty, as upon their last trip from the well, they could not look into each other’s lives. This character has also taken a giant leap towards adulthood.Many children mess up while young and commit deeds for which they later feel sorry, but few contribute to a man’s pain and suffering and assumed death in such a way that it will haunt the rest of their lives. This situation will either impact the child to lead a respectable life later on, to make up for his actions, or will go on to commit later actions in a similar vain, having rationalized his childhood experience. Either way, he has begun his preparation for adulthood. References Chabon, Michael. â€Å"Werewolves in Their Youth†. Random House: 1999. pp. 1-10. Sher, Ira. â€Å"The Man in the Well. † Chicago R

Social learning approach

Personality can be defined as a hypothetical concept that constitute those relatively stable and enduring aspects of an individual which distinguishes them from other people making them unique, but which at the same time permit a comparison between individual. There are various approaches that conceptualize personality. These are; the psychoanalytic perspective, the trait theory, behaviorist (learning) theory, humanistic theories cognitive and biological approaches. This paper however will explore the behavioral and social learning theory approaches to personality.The focus will be in comparing and contrasting them and relating them to a personal personality disorder. The social learning theory is an approach that argues that we learn through imitation, modeling, and observation of other people behavior. If we observe a good behavior from other people, we are likely to behave well but if we observe bad behavior from them we behave badly. Albert Bandura is considered a major proponent of this theory. This approach also considers the environmental factors claiming they reinforce modeling.An individual can be reinforced directly by a model for example; a student can dress like other to fit in their group. A third person can also reinforce modeling. for example; a teacher may praise a certain student making the others to model him. It is also possible to imitate the behavior itself. For example; a student may play football during his leisure time influencing another to model the behavior. Social learning theory argues that reinforcement and punishment are necessary in learning. They influence the level at which a person demonstrates a learnt behavior.They argue that moral judgment concerning the right or wrong is modeled. Bandura outlined from major condition for modeling to occur; paying attention, remembering, ability to replicate, and motivation. Modeling leads to acquisition of new behavior, affects the frequency of embarking a learner behavior, encourages a fo rbidden behavior and increases the frequency of a similar behavior. They emphasize of self regulation in personality development. For example; setting own goals, self observation, self judgment and self reaction (Ormrod, J. E1999)The behavioral approach in personality assessment argues that personality can be acquired through observation. It put the environment accountable to personality difference among people. It assumes that we can understand other people by observing how they behave. It also argues that a response to certain stimuli molds behavior. Learning can occur though conditioning in both human and non human animals. It also assumes that all human are equal at birth. We are born a tabula rasa – empty slit – as we grow, the environmental factors molds our personality.Proponents of this approach include Skinners’ (1957) operant condition theory, Pavlov (1936) conditioning theory and Watson (1958). (Axialis Team 2008) Both the social learning and behavior al theories emphasize on observation learning to personality acquisition. They consider environmental factors that influence our personality. They also consider reinforcement and punishment an important factor in learning. However, social learning theory argues that learning is possible without necessarily changing the behavior.This contrast the behavioral approach that argues that learning must be represented by a permanent change in behavior. Social learning assumes people can learn through observation alone and which might not affect their performance thus may not or may impact behavior change. This contrasts the behavioral approach which assumes learning must involve a permanent change in behavior as well conditioning necessity in learning. Modeling, imitation and observation cannot be assumed in behavioral acquisition. Environmental factors too are very important in personality assessment.These two approaches consider this. They both make a step to explain broader personality t o include the animals. On the other hand, we cannot assume the thought processes, unobservable activities, biological and genetic factors in personality assessment and which they assume. Conditioning approach can be useful in explaining how we develop a habit how we model it, who influence us towards the habit and how we can stop the habit. In my early stages of life, I used to like toys very much. My parent would make sure that they bought me. Initially, my elder brother used to like them too.My parents would buy him every time he performed better in school. He would spend time with them on his free time. He motivated my love for toys. When I started going to school, my parents adopted a similar strategy in buying me toys. It was not after I destroyed one like before, but after I performed better in school. I remember I had a hard time to adapt to this. Previously I mishandled them; after all they would buy me if damaged. This time round, it was based on performance. I wasn’ t a good performer but I had to work hard to get some new toys. If I didn’t perform well, the punishment was ‘no toy’.As time went by, my performance deteriorated. My parents withdrew their reinforcement. At the long run, there were no more new toys. The old ones were not pleasant at all. I hated them. My performance currently is better but I hate toys. In the behavioral view, I observed the habit from my brother and learnt it, the environmental factors, my parent, influenced me to possess the habit of destroying them in order to be bought some new. I was reinforced to work harder to get new toys. The negative stimulus, the punishment, was not to be bought new toys.The aversive stimulus was my parent’s withdrawal of new toys when my performance decreased. I later stopped liking toys a result of the negative reinforcement. In the social learning view, I learnt the habit from observing my brother; he used his free time well. My brother was my role model. I p aid attention to his habit, I rehearsed and was able to replicate the way he handled and treated the toys. However, my parent motivated me by realizing my habit and therefore bought me some more toys. I did not permanently adapt the behavior implying that learning does not necessarily change behavior.Social learning approach best describes my personality I was able to observe, pay attention, rehearse and replicate my brother’s behavior thus influencing my personality. I was able to regulate myself in settling my goals, observe and make my own judgment and choose my reaction from my parent’s move towards my habit. These theories explore the complexity of human nature. Whichever dimension they take as long as it explain personality assessment, is worth credential. However, if these approaches are merged they would have a better explanation to personality assessment.

Problems of students Essay

Top 10 Problems of Students While time spent at college is a fond memory and a happy experience for most, college life is not without its rough patches and problems. While each person problems are unique to their current circumstances, I know that there are a few problems that almost all college students deal with at least once during their time at school. College is not high school so please do not think its a walk in the park. Depending on what type of school you are going to, depends on what kind of problems you are going to face. Certain problems, you going to face regardless of what type of school you are going too. Most common problems of college student are the following. 1. First Day of School ? >> University students also face problems with making new friends. University is a new chapter in life, and with every new chapter, we have to try to meet new people and make new friends. It is normal for people to feel shy in the beginning, especially when they don’t know anyone around them. Students should learn to step out of their comfort zones and put themselves out there when trying to make new friends. It always seems that people are always just waiting for someone to approach them because they are too shy to make the first move. So, why not try taking the first step, and maybe you’ll find yourself heading towards a really wonderful friendship. 2. Relationship Thingy! >> Another problem we often hear students talk about are relationship problems. University students are usually at the age where they are looking for someone to share their lives with. We hear many stories about students getting into a relationship too quickly, and things going sour because both parties didn’t know each other well enough as friends. Maybe we should accept some advice from the older generation when they always say that we should always strive to get to know a person of the  opposite sex as a friend, before deciding if there is anything more to pursue with the person. There seems to be very little success rate when rushing into a relationship with someone we do not know well enough. 3. I’m so stress. >. < >> When a person faces any type of problems in their daily life, we will definitely find that the person is under high amounts of stress. This applies very aptly to the life a university student. Students are very susceptible to stress when they have any of the above mentioned problems. One good way to deal with stress is to exercise. Exercising helps release endorphins which is a hormone that helps our body relax and feel good. Students who exercise seem to be able to handle stress a lot better than those who do not exercise. 4. Problem everywhere -. – >> The unavoidable problem that students will have to face is problems with their studies. Whether it is a topic that is very hard to grasp, a misunderstanding with a group mate, or just not knowing how to do the work given to them, students will definitely face these sort of problems. It appears that when a student faces these sort of problems, they like to just keep it to themselves, or complain about it to their peer. The solution to these sort of problems is to address it and bring it up to the lecturer, or ask a friend if they can help you with it. Rather than just complaining that they do not understand what is going on, they should seek assistance to help solve their problem. 5. Still Sleepy ^o^/ >> Many students also suffer from irregular sleeping patterns. Students have assignments, projects and deadlines that appear almost daily after each class. A lot of them spend their time doing all those assigned work during the hours that they are supposed to be asleep. Some of them claim that they work better at night, but it is a  very unhealthy habit. It would be good if students could learn to finish up their work in the day time and leave the night-time to sleeping as that is the time where your body is regenerating, mending, and creating new cells. There is a discipline that should be built into a student when it comes to assignments. They should try their very hardest not to leave their work to the last possible minute. 6. My Hectic Schedule -. – >> Another problem that university students face is poor time management. Due to their busy lifestyles, students often find it hard to find a good balance between their  studies, social lives and working lives. Students should strive to have a planned schedule for their day so that they can try to maximize their productivity and not fall behind in any aspects of their lives. Students often have to learn to be independent and responsible with managing their time, when in university, away from the direct guidance of their parents. 7. Why you’re so Slow Internet? >_< >> With most universities and colleges making use of technology, it’s always an instant heart attack for you when it’s time to enroll in classes and check grades. To  make matters worse, everyone else is trying to access the website of your school hence the slower loading of the page and also in doing assignments and projects. You end up holding your breath while your heart attempts to break free from your body. The struggle is real! 8. Suspension Abangers *. * >> You stay up late at night and refresh your Twitter account every minute to see if there are suspension announcements. You wake up early in the morning with high hopes of class suspensions because the rain is too strong. You wait, and wait, and wait. You struggle with the thoughts of facing the storm or continue hoping for a class  suspension. You end up going to school anyway; but just as you’re finally at the end of your storm challenge, the suspension you’ve longed for comes and then you just stare at an empty space and mentally flip all the tables in your school. 9. Lack of Confidence >> There are students who do not believe in their ability to do well in college. Rather than focusing on their abilities and what they are capable of achieving, they place more emphasis on what they feel they can’t achieve. If you tell yourself, â€Å"I’ve always been lousy at math, I am going to fail this course,† then chances are, you probably will. 10. Commute line >> Don’t you hate it when you wake up early and leave early, but still end up being late for class because of those horrible commute lines? It’s definitely extremely frustrating when you arrive at the terminal or station only to find out that the end of the line is nowhere in sight These are just ten of the many problems that college students face. In the end, is college worth facing these problems and struggles? While students get stressed to the max, the good times outweigh the problem times and the college experience becomes one which shapes the minds and futures of many young people worldwide.

Quiz Computer Forensic & Investigation Essay

Hanley Strappman, 37, was trying to learn about the Computer and Digital Forensics program at Champlain College. He was able to obtain some files, which he put on a floppy disk. To disguise his espionage, he decided to smuggle the floppy back home after altering the files so that they couldn’t be read using the ordinary DOS/Windows file manager. His deception was discovered, however, and the floppy has been recovered. Some of your counterparts have already tried to examine the disk to no avail. Upon discussions with Hanley, he has boasted that there are three files on the disk but that â€Å"You’ll never know what I got!!† You are being provided with a forensically true and accurate copy of Hanley’s floppy disk. You are asked to examine the floppy disk and provide answers to a few questions about the integrity of the data that was recovered (in terms of maintaining the evidentiary chain), the recovery of certain information, and any actions that the suspect may have taken to intentionally delete, hide and/or alter data on the floppy disk. Good Luck! Using the software tools provided to you in class, audit the disk and conduct a full analysis of any artifacts found on the media. The following questions must be completed in the time allotted: The Questions 1. What is the name and address of the person to whom Hanley wrote a letter? Dr. John Watson 8295 Martha Lane Los Alamitos, CA 90720 2. Who is in the picture that Hanley obtained? Lewis Carroll, Edith, Lorina and Alice Lidell 3. What is the information that Hanley supplied in a password-protected form? A file named â€Å"curriculum† in Microsoft Excel format. 4. What are the names of the files on the floppy? Each was hidden or obscured in a different way; indicate how you found the files and how you recovered the information. The file name is cc_stuff.exe Change the format to the .zip format and enter the password to get the information 5. Where did you find the password? By using PRTK software, inside the evidence image at the pwd

What is Automobility?

Automobility is a concept based on two fundamental ideas.   Autonomy is the self-directing or self-governing freedom of an individual.   Mobility is the movement or travel of an individual.Therefore, automobility is the independent, self-governing movement of an individual.   The concept sounds valid and many people would believe it to be so, however, after a more detailed look automobility may not be as mobile or self-regulating as first thought.Automobility has several factions that claim to define this system of automobility (3).   First is the socio-technical facet that defines automobility as the organization of modern concepts.   The political definition is the regulation and practices of movement.Others see it as the legitimization of the differences between man and machine, and man's dominance over the machine (3).   The one concept that is equivalent in all these definitions is the fact that automobility is a patterned system that creates a cohesive understanding of both autonomy and mobility (4).Upon a closer look, it becomes obvious that this system is really a regime based on truth, power, and subjectivity (8). To understand automobility in these terms, we must define the concept of mobility.   Universally it would be considered an automobile, but other modes of travel are available, such as bicycling, public transportation and taxis, and travelling by telephone and internet.These are all modes of travel, and are all self-regulated by the individual, thus giving them all the title of automobility, however, the car is the most often associated with this concept (6).Truth in this regime of automobility is the concept of driving the car (6).   Power is the brute for of the vehicle, such as trucks and sport utility vehicles which over power most other vehicle and modes of transportation (7). Another part of power are the governmental regulations and rules that accompany the driving of a vehicle, which has created a large amount of govern mental bodies to help keep the driver moving within the laws of automobility (7).While automobility is based in an individual’s freedom of movement, it also causes more regulations to be put on the individual and thus is the power of automobility (7). Subjectivity is the last part of the regime.The subjectivity can be a form of hierarchy or of self-monitoring.   Either way, the ideas of one group or class get put on others.   For example, cyclists are not considered when planning for roads and highways, thus those that drive cars, trucks, and such are putting their views and using their power.Social stigmatisms can also be place in this part, because the subjectivity of a person who views people taking public transportation as failures can lead to incorrect assumptions (8). In any case the three facets of the regime create the concept of automobility (8).There are four problems associated with automobility that affect the world at large.   First problem is the congestio n created with the number of cars and vehicles on the road and the planning of those roads being inadequate (9).The second is the ecological and environmental effects of automobility (9).   Third is the geopolitical factor that causes governments to spend money to find, store, and process the oil needed for the vehicles as well as the possibility of war to ensure the oil supply keeps coming.   The last problem is the deaths and accidents that occur, but are considered a normal part of automobility (10).The fact of the matter is that the concept automobility is virtually and completely impossible, since the concept itself requires external forces to allow it to be used.   For example, roads need to be created and maintained, licensure and driver education to ensure the regulations of the roads are followed, and even walking require sidewalks (11-12).Therefore, automobility is neither mobile nor individually self-regulated.   In fact the governmental bodies created by this con cept are now changing the rules and trying to alleviate or eliminate some of the problems associated with automobility (13 – 14).   In any case, changes are coming and the fragility of automobility has become more obvious, and yet the concept continues.

GM Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

GM Research - Essay Example It suppresses appetite by increasing the level of serotonin in the blood supply. Research studies also show that this plant is capable of preventing lipid accumulation in the body thereby helping in weight loss. Garcinia’s applauded ability to help fat people shed weight is due to the presence of a highly active chemical known as hydroxycitric acid. GENETIC ENGINEERING OF GARCINIA Natural Garcinia has a certain concentration of the active chemical. However, with the accelerating percentage of people turning towards Garcinia for easy weight loss has been the main focus of genetic engineers. The rind of the fruit was used to make medicinal extracts. Genetic engineers have modified the plant such that the active chemical is now produced in the rind as well as in the endosperm (pulp) of the fruit Toxicology trials Trials were conducted on animals (rabbits). No serious condition was noticed in animal trials. Mild ocular irritation occurred when the extract was given in the right ey e (Ohia et al,2002), however no literature so far suggest that the extract causes any health problems in humans. LOWER COST TO FARMERS Traditionally the agriculture industry has been the best supporter and beneficiary from innovative technology. Interbreeding and natural selection of plant traits have been a common method to grow naturally modified crops for better yield and plant characters. However, the same technique in the laboratory has been developed paving way for the much debated genetically modified crops. Genetically modified crops are not only important to science and researchers but are of immense importance to the farmers as well. The growth projection of GMO’s is directly proportional to the profits of farmers growing the GMO’s. Contrary to the most common perception that growth of genetically modied organisms or plants are anti-democratic in nature, studies and surveys have established that growing these GMO’s are in fact much more beneficial than growing the ordinary forms of the same crop or plants.†In countries where farmers are allowed to grow GM crops, they increasingly choose to do so. In 2010, 15.4 million farmers in 29 countries cultivated GM crops† (James,2010). Growing Garcinia Cambogia will also be equally beneficial to the farmers given that the market demand for the plant is extremely high. Firstly, cultivating Cambogia with the help of genetically engineered seeds would increase the yield. This yield will be much more than that obtained while cultivating Cambogia with the help of ordinary, non-modified seeds of the plant. This helps the farmers obtain much more profit from the same amount of money spend on seeds. Secondly, the genetically modied Garcinia cambogia is resistant to insects, weeds and other pests. Studies have shown that farmers spend a lot on necessary farm products such as weedicides and pesticides. Most genetically modified crops do not need these harmful chemicals for protection. It was seen in a study that â€Å"by 2009, the usage of GM crops had reduced pesticide spraying by 393 million kg of active ingredients, the equivalent of decreasing 17.1% of the global pesticide use (Brookes & Barfoot,2011) While cultivating non-modified variety of Garcinia cambogia, farmers needs to use a lot of money on purchasing these chemicals. However, in case a farmer utilizes the genetically modified seed to cultivate a modified form of insect and weed resistant Garcinia, the money spent on purchasing the chemicals

Describe and critically analyse a conceptual supply network and Essay

Describe and critically analyse a conceptual supply network and discuss the likely areas of strength and weakness - Essay Example Recent development in this era of new business strategies that must minimize risk in business by using friendly environment machinery , social acknowledgement as requirement of the Government to smooth and sequential running of a business operation . (Amlan M., Helen M., 2010). Supply chain could improve the cash transaction, manufacturing cost of materials, and communication flaws by planning of company’s coordination to correlate finance, society that helps to end user and stake holders. (Craig C., Dale R., Nov 2007) ( Seuring & Muller, 2008) (Lutz P., 2009). Supply chain management is a core element of any manufacturing phenomena that engage in producing of commodities or preparing unfurnished materials. (Anna N., Ladimer S., 2010 ). A satisfaction of society is always the responsibility of the supply chain management (Laura S., Michael B., 2009). Over the passage of time, the industrial progress has triggered a process of adaptability and innovation in all the things relat ed to industrial manufacturing, services and even the consumers. A new term has been coined recently i.e. corporate responsibility, it represents and incorporates social, financial, ethical and even ecological challenges which are faced by corporations that are trying to adopt sustainability factors in their supply chains. Following are the key features of a sustainable supply chain. Wastage: disposal of waste materials is the key responsibility of a supply chain management to satisfy the society by assuring the recycling or safe disposal of non toxic element that can be harmful to human beings. Energy resources: Managing and ensuring the availability of energy must require the keen observation as a basic factor of supply chain management. Water management: usage of water in every part of a business is necessary to control its wastage on priorities bases. Globally a short fall in water resources is the burning issue or current scenario is the big threat for supply chain management. Shipment: a prompt and in-time shipment or transportation is required for a growing and developing business faculty by using time management, supply chain management. Means of access: Availability of a right product in right time on right place is the responsibility of supply chain management by using of all tools of intra and intercommunications however; it will improve the optimum quality of work. Training sessions: Skill developing of workers is the necessity/requirement of an organization for long last their employees by awareness of recent era development in every field. This is the main development program should under supply chain management. Competitive Forces Model of an organization. When entering a market, every new entrepreneur faces some problems that are common to all kinds of markets as well as all types of products, though the details and intensities can vary from scenario to scenario. A standard model was generated that represents the common and most important issue s faced by any manufacturer. It is called the competitive five forces model. A) Competitive Market: Entering a market is not an easy task as there are well established manufacturers in every market and launching a product against theirs will require marketing strategies that can rival and defeat those of the corporate giants. B) Alternative strength and Threat: This is the threat for manufacturer substitution probability but the feasibilities are limited for those companies which are scientifically sound and have large

FINANCIAL REPORTING - INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARS Essay

FINANCIAL REPORTING - INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARS - Essay Example The IASC was founded by an Accountants’ International Study Group in the year of 1973 (Wood & Sangster, 2008). The IASB is an independent accounting setting body. After formally converting into the international accounting standards setting body, the IASB decided to develop, in the public interest, a single set of high quality international accounting standards(about Us). Since its inception, the IASB has been successful in introducing and implementing many fundamental accounting standards globally. Many developed and under-developed countries have extended their support for the mission of the IASB. However, there are still certain areas where the IASB faces a real threat of challenges. Critical analysis of the IASB Has the dream of global international accounting standards received a reality in the corporate world? Many authors have no positive answer for this question. Additionally, many believe that a single international accounting body may create problems for many stakeho lders (Lont, 2010).To substantiate their point, they say that the international accounting standards of the IASB are voluntary in nature: The IASB has no legal authority to impose and implement these accounting standards on any entity. Since the IASB has no legal authority to enforce its own devised international accounting standards, it would not be easy for the IASB to ensure the global uniform application of the standards. Furthermore, soon after the creation of the IASC, Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the United States of America came into existence, creating a counter balancing force to the mission of the IASC. In the same year of 1973, the FASB drafted its own accounting standards and implemented on the corporations working inside America. Till this point of time, the U.S. corporations follow the Generally Accepted Accounting Practices (GAAP), in other countries; the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are used. Also, the IASB faces some politica l challenges as well. The powerful waves of global financial crisis drowned the boats of many large multi-nationals between the periods of 2007 to 2009. Many critics point out the fair value model used in the International Accounting Standards IAS 39 was mainly responsible in bringing the nightmare of global financial crisis. In October 2008, the IASB came under a severe attack from the European political leaders over the role of IAS 39 in the global financial crisis (Veron, 2010). Given to the severity of economic and financial situation, the IASB brought some reclassification amendment to the IAS 39 standard on the financial instruments (Veron, 2010). Additionally, the FASB behaves like a competitor rather than a professional associate of the IASB. Recently, it has been announced by the IASB and the FASB that by the end of 2015, the IFRS would be enforced in America. This is an attempt to ensure the global uniform application of the IFRS; and this would bring a forward step moveme nt of the IASB in attaining its global mission. However, this global mission received a serious blow when the FASB separately and independently developed and published its own visions on how to introduce reforms in the accounting of financial instruments (Veron, 2010). Furthermore, the IASC Foundation has received many questions on its professional integrity towards achieving its mission. The European banking industry shares its many reservations over the many of the announcements of the IASC. This situation has created an environment of

An analysis of the Caravan industry in Hull, United Kingdom Essay

An analysis of the Caravan industry in Hull, United Kingdom - Essay Example Static caravans are used as holiday homes and they are kept stationary in various places. All these options available for holiday venture and thus individuals must make wise decisions depending on their needs. Most of the caravans are used on holiday places. In the United Kingdom, there are various holiday places where caravans are used. The most popular ones are Cleethopper, Skegness, mablethorpe, and hornsea. Caravanning activities are very popular in these places. Most of these places are found in Hull and that is why hull has become very popular with caravanning. Moreover, there are various caravan-manufacturing companies in Hull. The caravan manufacturers in hull include Willerby Holiday Homes Ltd, Burstner Ltd, Corona Caravans Ltd, and Coachman Ltd. Among these manufacturers, the major ones are Willerby Holiday Homes Ltd and Corona Caravans Ltd. The reason for this is the large market share the two companies have in the caravan industry. As showed above, Hull has several caravan manufacturers. Some manufacture static caravans while others manufacture movable caravans. The company that is popular for manufacturing static caravans in Hull is Willerby Holiday Homes Ltd. Corona Caravans Ltd on the other hand is very popular in Hull for manufacturing movable caravans. The models made by different manufacturers vary both in shape and in characteristic. The reason why the companies in this industry try do this is to increase their competitiveness in this volatile market. Productions of caravans that are different from those of other companies convert the competition in this industry to an indirect. This promotes the survival of these companies in the caravan industry. Caravan industry is the greatest employer in the United Kingdom offering more than two percent of the total workforce. The employees employed in this industry undertake various responsibilities from management to

Business Research Methods Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Research Methods - Assignment Example To capitalize on the consumer demands, the companies and business organizations focus on the process of launching products which help in increasing the value of the brand image developed in the minds of the consumers all over the world. In this case, the focus is on identifying whether new Samsung Note 3 improves the image of the company Samsung Electronics. Three Research Questions and Three Research Objectives In regards to the underlying theme, it has to be stated that the focus is to understand the impact of the new product launched by the company Samsung Electronics has a positive impact on the image of the company, which has a strong brand value and brand identity in the market. The first research questions can be whether the Samsung Note 3 has succeeded in meeting customer expectations. The associated research objective is that this particular research question will help in understanding the success of the products in the global markets. The second research question will be to identify whether the product has provide value for money to the customers all over the world. The underlying research objective is that the value for money concept will help in gathering the information in connection to need as well as desire fulfilment of the global consumers for the newly launched product of Samsung Electronics. The third research question will be whether the consumers of the globe think that the Samsung Note 3 has enhanced the image of the company. The research objective in connection to this is to determine the viewpoints of the global consumers in regards to whether Samsung Note 3 has been successful in adding to the image reputation of the company. Research Philosophy In discussing about research philosophy, light has to be given on positivism, interpretivism, realism and pragmatism. It needs to be stated that positivism has its origins in natural science and forces the belief that the social reality is objective and singular and are not impacted by the inves tigation of the society. Positivism focuses on explaining and measuring the social phenomena while interpretivism has emerged while concentrating on exploring the complex societal needs for developing an interpretive understanding. Subjectivism stresses on the factor of understanding the subjective meaning of the actions of the masses of the society. It is interesting to state that pragmatism is based on the combining of the positivism and interpretivism philosophies and focuses on cancelling out the mutual weaknesses (Piepenburg, 2011, p. 46). Research Approach Research approach can be either deductive or inductive. The deductive research is implemented when the assumption has been an outcome of a deduction from a theoretical base and has been tested in a rigorous fashion with the data collected. Inductive research approach begins with a specific data, which helps in inducing a general theory to connect with the data. The inductive research approach helps to a great extent in disco vering new patterns in the

Globalization and Impact on Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Globalization and Impact on Companies - Essay Example The major problems faced by the MNCs in the current era are  Problems associated with differences in the culture across the national borders. It is very decisive to recognize that key to winning globalization lies in both economic cultural aspects. Due to cultural differences, the workforce within an organization cannot converse with each other efficiently then this obstructs the overall efficiency of the company. Human resource (HR) management becomes highly complex for the company’s that operates across different markets. There are problems faced by the HR managers in while coordinating diversity in workplaces. Lesser diversity in organizations lowers its business efficiency (International Labour Organisation, 2004). This model will help to analyze that since globalization, the business expansion process of a firm in the international market, makes it go through structural changes. This implies that at different stages of business internationalization, the multinational co rporations (MNCs) should go through separate organizational structures (Veder, 2008). At this stage, an MNC either only increases its geographical spread of business or increases product diversity. If the geographical spread is diversified, then the companies entail less product diversity. However, if the product diversity is more, the firms expand its business within the limited geographical spread.If the scope of internationalization is wide, then a firm should not allocate much money is product diversification. This is because under such cases the strategy of expansion should be guided by duplication or coordination. Hence the firms should encourage specialization of its factors of production under this strategy (Schenk, 2011).  

Cargo Aircraft Fire Supression Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cargo Aircraft Fire Supression - Term Paper Example The sensors can wrongly detect dust and other aerosols as smoke particles. Since the aircraft crew has no way to visually verify the presence of a fire, any alarm has to be treated as a real fire. If the aircraft is in flight, the pilots need to discharge on-board extinguishing equipment, declare emergency priority over other traffic, and land the aircraft at the nearest airport. If a false alarm goes off before takeoff, the aircraft must return to the gate and takeoff is delayed until mechanics can solve the problem. These procedures followed to handle the false 'fire alarm' result in considerable loss of time and fuel. Hence current research in this field is geared towards developing systems which are false-alarm-free. Contemporary research activities also explore the use of multiple sensors and computer aided signal analysis and video camera aided fire and smoke indication. Along these lines, the NASA Glenn Research Center has developed a multi-sensor package to read in a wider variety of fire emissions instead of just smoke. The detector looks for higher concentration of combustion gases along with the smoke, thus developing a more diverse file picture for the sensors. These file pictures with varying gas concentrations and smoke particle sizes are then compared by the multi-sensor package against the values that are characteristic of an actual fire. NASA Glenn also uses MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) chemical sensors with this new fire detection concept in response to the significant number of false alarms generated by the current fire detectors used on aircraft. The MEMS sensor system consists of miniaturized carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide sensors, a smoke particle detector, and integrated software. It also has a processor that measures the response of the complete sensor system and signals if there was an actual fire. The resultant syste m is effective in recognizing the presence of fires while screening out false alarms. Tests conducted by NASA indicate the feasibility of the multi-sensor system. Improvements can still be made to the sensors, the packaging and the software interface, the durability and drill effects of the sensors. The system also needs to be compliant with the FAA certification criteria. (i) The B737-200 Freighter uses the Securaplane ST 3000 Fire Detection System which detects fire that originates in the lower cargo compartments of the aircraft. Radio communication links are used instead of wiring between the different limits of the system; this minimizes the quantity of wiring required, decreases the system weight and increases reliability. The system has nine smoke detectors (four in the forward cargo and five in the aft cargo compartments) mounted in the ceiling of each lower cargo compartment, one central control unit (CCU) located in the aft wall of the forward cargo compartment with a configuration module (CM), one control display unit (CDU) on P-5 overhead panel, two circuit breakers at P-18 panel and associated wiring. The System satisfies the FAA required Class "D" to Class "E" cargo conversion. The System can detect smoke anywhere within any cargo compartment within one minute at at-least two SDU locations. (ii) Fire extinguishing systems: The US Patent

History of Modern Philosophy Essay Example for Free

History of Modern Philosophy Essay 1- How, and with what success, does Hume deal with the apparent anomaly of the missing shade of blue? In A Treatise of Human Nature, Hume attempt to rid 18th century moral philosophy of what he considered to be meaningless and vacuous concepts underlying our theory of knowledge be it metaphysical arguments or hypotheses seemingly formulated from the mere imagination of many philosophers. Influenced by the emerging trend of empiricism and naturalistic science like Newton and Locke, which Hume owed much of his basic principles from Hume presented the Treatise as an attempt to introduce experimental methods of reasoning into the area of moral philosophy. In the first book of the Treatise, entitled Of the Understanding, Hume devoted the first part Of the Origin of our Ideas for explaining the basis of his philosophical system that appeals on the similar empiricist approach as that of Lockes. However, curiously, Hume had cited an explicit counter-argument the problem of missing shade of blue that could invalidate his whole philosophical system that is based on this central principle. Even more puzzling is Humes complacency with this problem, and although he considers the problem as singular and exceptional, he fully admitted to this counter example and did not try to resolve it. Yet, this case merits a deeper investigation, and it is this essays attempt to see whether his apparent complacency with the missing shade of blue would have any effect on the strength of his philosophical system, and other attempts to render this problem irrelevant. The problem of the missing shade of blue by Hume is as follows: suppose a man who is well acquainted with colours for thirty years and has seen all the colours in the set of possible colour spectrum, except for one particular shade of blue. Then, he is presented with a full spectrum of the shades of blue, from the darkest shade to the darkest, all except the one particular shade in which he has not yet encountered. It is then conceivable that this man would be able to produce this single missing shade of blue. The problem of this lies in the basis of the empiricist doctrine at which Hume is following, namely, that all ideas must be preceded by experience, yet, in this example, it is demonstrated that it is possible for an idea to precede sensation experience, as the man is able to produce the idea of the missing shade of blue without having first encountered it through his senses. At this point, I would like to elaborate more on Humes theory of mind and the origin of ideas as that would clarify why this example is so damaging to Humes system. As stated before, Humes project can be put into a general label of empiricism, which is a belief that all knowledge comes from experience. Much of his line of argument resembles that of Lockes, another prominent empiricist. Hume even borrowed Lockes key terminology to a certain extent, with terms like ideas and impressions. Locke believes that ideas are whatever the mind perceives in itself, or is in the immediate object of perception, thought, or understanding, as when one perceives, thinks, or understands, the ideas are before the mind. This limits all ideas to be originated from experience (perception), and also shows the connection between thought and perception and their interchangeable nature. The ideas can be divided into ideas of sensation (touch, smell, sight, etc.) and ideas of reflection (fear, happiness, sadness, etc.), which can then be separated further into simple and complex ideas, where complex ideas are derived from simple ones. Hume follows this line of argument with some modifications. He claims he restores the term ideas to its original sense by classifying the objects the mind is perceiving as perceptions, not directly as ideas as Locke have used, and from perceptions he then distinguished them into impressions and ideas, where they differ in degree, as impressions are more vivid and forceful before the mind, such when sees a colour, and the ideas are more faint, such when one thinks of a colour after having the impressions of it. Hume then makes the distinction of simple and complex ideas, and by introspection, Hume demonstrates that one can think of any simple ideas and then find corresponding simple impressions that are exact copies of each other, and one can do this with any conceivable simple ideas. Complex ideas are different in that they are composites of simple ideas. And with this experiment in introspection, Hume then postulates his first thesis, That all our simple ideas in their first appearance are derivd from simple impressions, which are correspondent to them, and which they exactly represent. We may call this the Copy Principle, as it simply states that every simple idea is a copy of a corresponding impression. One of the most important components of this thesis is the fact that its a genetic one in that it shows the origin of ideas as following from impressions as impressions to be the cause of ideas. Again, this is proved by the constant conjunction of simple impressions preceding simple ideas, which one can do to every simple idea one may have. Another support Hume gives is that of a man born defective of certain perceptive organs, hence, missing certain impressions (e.g. sight or sound), one would not have any ideas of those corresponded with the impressions, for it is evident that deaf people also have great trouble speaking. The genetic component is important in that they validate the empiricism doctrine on the reliance of experience. Anyhow, now we can see how the problem seems to defeat the purpose of this thesis. Moreover, a counter example, from a logical standpoint, one counter example is sufficient to turn an argument invalid. So why did Hume not deal with this problem? We may try to take it as Hume claimed the problem to be a singular case where it is not worth investing time on. Being a singular case, one may have to take the argument in closer inspection. Hume states explicitly that the man in question may have enjoyed the sights for thirty years and perfectly well acquainted with all the possible colours except one, and that may be the attempt by him to restrict this to some specific scenario. It is implicitly embedded in the counter example that the subject of this example must be well acquainted with all the colours, such that one can make up colours in ones mind, much like how only musicians of a certain skill level can sight read music. Thus, it appeals to some amount of experience such that one may be bound to experience, habits, or personal background. Yet, when given further consideration, this seems to be invalid as well, as these restrictions do not seem to hold. As far as experience go, a child who does not know what turquoise mean does not necessarily have an idea of the colour turquoise. So this case is certainly not an exceptional case and Hume had not dealt with it satisfactorily. Yet, Humean scholars have tried to find solutions for this problem and some even disregard it as a problem altogether. Firstly, the first objection to this counter argument is that there is no way to test whether the person in question does in fact have an idea of the missing shade of blue before seeing the missing shade or not. There is a great difference between being able to spot a missing spot in a complete spectrum of blue, and being able to produce an idea of the shade of blue without first encountering the impression of it. If ones sees a constant change in shade from, lets say blue-0 where it is darkest to blue-255 where it is the lightest shade, then if there is one shade of blue missing, it would be quite noticeable as the mind notices the jump in gradual and constant change, but it does not follow that one could create an idea of that missing shade. To test this is also impossible, as if one is to reproduce colour, it still does not follow that he produces the idea since he would only be mixing the existing colours to brighter shades, and thus, after finishing mixing the colour, one then has the idea of the colour following the impression. All other ways of testing is equally futile because they all involve exposing the subject to the missing impression one way or another. Alternatively, if we look at the thesis again, and instead of taking it as a genetic form of the argument that Hume meant it to be, and instead, modifies it slightly to a more analytical empiricism form. Humes thesis on the theory of mind, upon closer inspection, can be taken as a form of meaning empiricism, in the sense that ideas to him are the same as different thoughts, which are different kinds of concepts, which is linked to when one understands something in a linguistic sense one is linking the word with the meaning, or the concepts associated to the word. Hence, if we think of the initial genetic content of the thesis, that impressions strictly precedes ideas, we may relax it slightly in favour of the analogy to meaning empiricism and forget its genetic form and instead formulate the following thesis: that all simple ideas must have corresponding conceivable and encounterable impressions. By doing this, we are no longer faced with the problem of the missing shade, since it is perfectly possible that the subject would be able to encounter this particular shade. Lastly, from a personal view, I see the problem of the missing shade of blue as not a problem at all, but Humes mistake lies in classifying colours as simple ideas. It is true that the impressions of light blue might very well be different than dark blue, so to speak, but to use Humes method, it is possible to separate using our imagination the components light and dark from blue. Thus, it is the impression of blueness which is a simple impression, combined with the impression of light and absent of light that combine to give this multitude of shades of colours. Take this example, suppose some neutral shade of blue, lets number it blue 124, were put somewhere with light, you will be able to see blue 124. However, lets say for some reason, the room becomes lighter, certainly, the shade of blue 124 would have changed to some lighter shade of perhaps blue 200. If we vary the light in the room from darkest to lightest, it is then possible to observe from the darkest to the lightest shade of blue likewise. One may argue that the colour can be calibrated to some objective criteria, perhaps the ratio of pigments of colour blue of some sort, yet, that does not matter since all that matters to Hume is indeed only impression. Furthermore, using this example, we can also say that perhaps the subject of the experiment may have in fact encountered the particular shade of blue sometime before without acknowledging it. Conclusively, although Humes treatment of the missing shade of blue is very limited and very complacent, it is perhaps Humes own mistake for considering such example a problem, rather than the problem itself being a threat to his theory of origins of ideas.