What Are Free Accounting Software Programs 2019

Free small business accounting software is somewhat akin to the free lunch. In computer terminology, free software often means open source software. That term refers to software programs that were designed to run on operating systems like Unix and Linux, the Sun Computers proprietary platform Solaris. There are some free accounting software programs available that do run on versions of Windows or on DOS. Many of these programs, however, have a base version that is provided free of charge as a download and for which you can buy the additional features that make the product a fully rounded out small business accounting system. There is a website that provides an assortment of free accounting software packages that run on a number of different platforms. You can browse through their selections at http://snorkel.rtfm.com.au/~aspect/cash.html. Most are specialized formats; some are designed to run on a web browser. .u0fbae916e39bf274ed6a232c65425c99 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u0fbae916e39bf274ed6a232c65425c99:active, .u0fbae916e39bf274ed6a232c65425c99:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u0fbae916e39bf274ed6a232c65425c99 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u0fbae916e39bf274ed6a232c65425c99 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u0fbae916e39bf274ed6a232c65425c99 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u0fbae916e39bf274ed6a232c65425c99:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Online Bachelor Degree in Criminal Justice Benefits and Rewards of a Forensic Psychology EmphasisOne product listed as a free small business accounting program that runs on Windows is OneStep Accounting. It sounds about right, until the last sentence: It includes: general ledger, invoicing, bill paying, and inventory tracking. The Standard Edition is freeware. As we mentioned, for many of these products the base edition is a teaser designed to sell the full fledged model. One free accounting program that makes no immediate mention of add-ons with expenses attached is Miser. They describe their program in the following blurb: You dont need to be an accountant to use this program! Contains the following modules: debtors, creditors, cash Book, stock, ledger sales analysis, manufacturing. It also runs on every Windows system up to 2000 but makes no mention of XP on the site running its description. Miser can be located at: http://www.geocities.com/Eureka/Enterprises/7323/miser.html Other free options out there include Grisbi, an open source accounting program that claims to run on both Linux and Windows. Lazy Ledger is a program which will run on any machine with any operating system that has a Java Virtual Machine installed: the catch is that This accounting program is designed for people who have experience in bookkeeping. Not a lot of tutorials there. .u246cf64d396c6cedbe9e7a0f4be24ede { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u246cf64d396c6cedbe9e7a0f4be24ede:active, .u246cf64d396c6cedbe9e7a0f4be24ede:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u246cf64d396c6cedbe9e7a0f4be24ede { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u246cf64d396c6cedbe9e7a0f4be24ede .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u246cf64d396c6cedbe9e7a0f4be24ede .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u246cf64d396c6cedbe9e7a0f4be24ede:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Business IT Courses and Accompanied ExpectationsAqura Lite is a free accounting program with minimal features in the Lite version and a price tag attached to the complete version. The same structure is true of Ace Money Lite; a program for personal financial organization that can also be used for business accounting. Easy Cash Manager is a Dutch freeware product that is available from their website in a number of languages. On first glance, it appears to be a spreadsheet with some sort of graphing program added for chartflow displays. You can look this product over at http://www.moor-software.com/ Free sounds extremely inviting. What will be missing with all of these options is extensive instruction and technical support once the product is installed. Once youve downloaded it, youre on your own. On the other hand, a decent small business accounting software package will probably cost out at a minimum of $300. If you buy the right product you can scale up or add features also a minimal possibility with freeware. .u62c72db0ccd9a93d8bbbd82fb64ce727 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u62c72db0ccd9a93d8bbbd82fb64ce727:active, .u62c72db0ccd9a93d8bbbd82fb64ce727:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u62c72db0ccd9a93d8bbbd82fb64ce727 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u62c72db0ccd9a93d8bbbd82fb64ce727 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u62c72db0ccd9a93d8bbbd82fb64ce727 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u62c72db0ccd9a93d8bbbd82fb64ce727:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Kansas Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus-based Education in Kansas, the Sunflower StateRelated ArticlesThe History of the C Programming LanguageComputer Programming What is itCareer Options in Computer ScienceSmall Business Management and Accounting SoftwareGeneral Engineering Degree Make Use of Technical and People Skills as a Sales EngineerHow to Teach Yourself Computer Programming

Mahatma Gandhi vs. Mao Essay - 1554 Words

Gandhi vs. Mao Mao and Gandhi became key leaders in each of their countries, India and China. Although they both wanted very similar things to happen to their countries, they used very different tactics. The main points in their rules where economical, political and social. And all points affected their people in many ways. First, to make each of their countries stronger economically Ghandi and Mao changed laws and broke rules. During the British rule in India there was a salt tax, which made it very hard for the people of china to buy salt, but it was illegal for them to make their own salt. Because Ghandi did not think this tax was righteous, on. In 1930, March 12th, he and eighty other people walked in the salt march. The salt†¦show more content†¦Mao used violence and killed many of the landlords so that the people of the countryside could become more powerful economically, but Gandhi used peaceful protests and never wanted to use violence or war against the British. (China in Revolution Video-Dr. Sue Williams, China Guidance Packet), (Gandhi-the film), (China Guidance Packet), (India Guidance Packet). These are my resources. Second, to make each of their countries stronger politically, Ghandi and Mao generally treated the people equally, and changed key parts of the old ways which gained each of them political support. Gandhi, held peaceful protests, such as passbook burnings that he first created in South Africa. Mao on the other hand, known for not being a great speaker reached out and gained support by the things he did. He, gave his people better education, gave woman more rights, by stopping the foot binding. Took out Confucianism and said that people could marry for love not because the man wanted to marry a women or a marriage being arranged. Although they used theses tactics in similar ways they were different in the ways that they lived. For example Mao gave women rights, ironically however kept many young girls with him at home and slept with them, and a more common phrase for the things that he did where his Friday night dances. Gandhi on the other hand became celibate, which means that he wou ld not haveShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagespatterns appeared in Western Europe and Japan. The economies of these developed regions were shifting out of manufacturing into services. China was the great exception, demonstrating continuous growth in urban manufacturing. By 1980, the new post-Mao administration under Deng Xiaoping instituted new policies for economic development through urban growth. Boldly, Deng opened the country to foreign investment, much of it from Taiwan, Japan, and Chinese expatriates living overseas, and much of itRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagessomehow to the situation he or she is in and to the nature of the followers. This view is consistent with the situational approach taken throughout this book, yet is barely widely accepted. The belief does not easily fade away that General Patton, Mahatma Gandhi, Vince Lombardi, Golda Meir, and Martin Luther King—or the heads of AOL, GM, Microsoft, and John Hancock—must have had exactly the same qualities. Throughout this and the next chapter, we will be using the terms manager and leader interchangeably

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids ) - 1190 Words

AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a range of conditions caused by the infection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It is believed to have originated in Africa in the early to mid-twentieth century, mutated from related viruses in chimpanzees and the sooty mangabey monkey. In 1981 AIDS was first clinically detected in people who had used intravenous drugs and homosexual men. They exhibited symptoms of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), an unusual infection that was seen in people with extremely compromised immune systems. Not long after many of the homosexual men infected started to develop a rare skin cancer called Kaposi’ sarcoma (KS), which presents cutaneous lesions. Due to the increasing amount of PCP and KS cases that surfaced, the United States Center of Disease (CDC) established a task force in order to monitor the outbreaks. The disease went through many names, often being referred to as a disease that it was associated with. The general press used the term GIRD, which stood for gay –related immune deficiency. However, after realizing that the disease was not isolated just to the gay community and the name GIRD was misleading. The term AIDS was introduced in July of 1982 and by September of that same year the CDC was referring to the disease as AIDS. The virus HIV that causes AIDS is not able to survive long in air and cannot be transmitted by casual contact. It can be transmitted by the exchange of certain body fluids, includingShow MoreRelatedAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1401 Words   |  6 PagesAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Duckworth 2 The history of the awful words AIDS and HIV has distressed the world for the past 40 years. It has infused panic in the world from its illness, fear, and regrettably death. AIDS was announced to the world in 1980. It is highly believed that this illness began in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo. Prior to this time, it is undetermined of the number of people infected developed AIDS orRead MoreAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1289 Words   |  6 PagesIrrefutably, the immune system is ones’ shield against pathogens, ones’ knight in shining armor that confronts intruders. Over time the immune system can deteriorate, and that comes with age and declining health. Other times the immune system fights against itself causing autoimmune diseases that may or may not do irreparable harm. And sometimes, immune deficiency can be acquired. This is the case of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a disease where the immune system depreciates Read MoreAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Or Aids1512 Words   |  7 PagesAcquired immune deficiency syndrome or AIDS comes from the latest stage of the HIV disease. HIV is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV is a retrovirus which means it has RNA nucleic acid and genetic material where most have DNA. The virus enters the cells of the body as most do, through endocytosis of white blood cells trying to kill it. When a macrophage ingests a virus, the cell then takes a piece of the virus and presents it on the surface, thus becoming an antigen presenting cell. The antigenRead MoreAids ( Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome )1968 Words   |  8 PagesOverview of HIV AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) was first recognized in 1981 and has since become a major worldwide pandemic (NIH, 2011). HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a direct causation of AIDS. HIV spreads through certain body fluids and attacks the body’s immune system CD4 cells, so that the body is unable to fight off infections and with a much weakened immune system AIDS develops (CDC, 2015). Transmission of this virus happens when exchange of certain body fluids occursRead MoreHiv / Aids Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome775 Words   |  4 PagesHIV/AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a devastating disease, the scope and depth having no boundaries, permeating into many areas of the world, oblivious to social class, lifestyle, or culture. Initially reported in 1981, HIV/ AIDS rapidly spread and by 1987, 100 countries conveyed the presence of HIV/AIDS. (Maurer Smith, 2009). â€Å"By 2001, it was the leading infectious cause of death in the world, killing almost 3 million people, and by 2002, approximately 5 million people wereRead MoreWhen Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )772 Words   |  4 PagesWhen Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) appeared in the early 1980’s on United States’ soil, people - including healthcare professionals - were confused about its nature and origin (Aids.gov). The public looked for a scapegoat and found it in the gay male contingent (Isay). What if a similar phenomenon happened, but in a keystone insect? Rowan Jacobsen, in Fruitless Fall, asserts that a comparable type of illness is affecting the honey bee, apis mellifera; the illness, now termed Colony CollapseRead MoreThe Causative Agent Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1372 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV, is the causative agent of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Currently, there are two types of HIV isolated, HIV-1 and HIV-2, which are both retroviruses and able to perform reverse transcriptase (Leboffe 2011). While HIV-1 is spread throughout the world, HIV-2 is confined to West Africa and is better protective against the progression to AIDS. Genome of HIV-1 only contains nine genes. It is transmitted by body fluids such as blood, breastRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1199 Words   |  5 PagesThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is one of the deadliest pandemics the world has ever known. Unprecedented efforts and resources have been mobilized to fight the infection worldwide. While obvious progress has been made, HIV infection still hit hard and the field of public health continues actively to raise awareness about this issue and help affected people. Public health professionals constantly look for new ways to reach high-risk populations, butRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) Or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1281 Words   |  6 PagesA major epidemic across the world is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Accredited with 10% of the HIV cases annually is injection drug use (AIDS.gov, 2014). A study done in 2010 showed that injection drug use affected nearly 47,500 new HIV infections in the United States. With 625 being males and 38% being female. Breaking it down even further, African Americans made up 50% of the newly affecting using injection drugs, Whites 26%, and Latinos/ HispanicsRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1449 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) /Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is present around the world. HIV weakens the bodyâ €™s immune system by attacking its defences against disease this later develops into AIDS which causes for the body to be unable to fight of illness and diseases it usually could (Afao.org.au, 2015). Chad a country of Sub Saharan Africa has an estimated 210,000 people living with HIV/Aids. Working to decrease this a number promotional incentives are being run such as the

Relationship Between Personality And Personality Development

Developmental psychology is described as â€Å"the scientific study of biological, cognitive, social, and personality development throughout the life span† (Taylor, 2005, p.1). According to the readings, personality formation has been argued to be the result of nurture-as in the social environment, and temperament is the result of nature-as in genetic biology (Personality Development: Intimacy and healthy personality, n.d.) This is in actuality a complex interplay between the two forces that shape our personalities as we grow and become healthy adults. Family and social environments both exert influence on the development of individual personality; this has been the topic of studies for years. Lewin’s Field Theory attempted to show†¦show more content†¦I took an online version of the Myers-Briggs Personality test, and the results indicate that I am INFJ. Specifically, I am 28% Introvert, 22% iNtuitive,9% Feeling, and 28% Judging.The website describes INFJs a ha ving complex character, and above average talents. They/we are said to be a rare type, humanitarian in outlook, idealists, and are simultenaeous both doer and dreamer (Humanmetrics Inc, 2017). It says INFJs combine vision with practicallity, are prone to taking larger than necessary responsibility in issues that concern them, and are true intoverts ( often mistaken for extraverts) who care about others and the world. They have small yet substansive social circles. They are said to have clear insight, uncanny empathic abilities, and strong writing skills (Humanmetrics Inc, 2017). Some of the other descriptors include being inherent givers, champions of the downtrodden, hard to fool or outwit, having high levels of stress tolerance and they communicate by being thoughtful, caring and supportive (Humanmetrics Inc, 2017). Among the more amazing, highly applicable things it says I supposedly exhibit, it says INFJs are suited to teaching (I was a corporate trainer); psychology and counseling are obvious career choices; they are often found on the front lines helping those in distress after an emergency (I was a combat medic);they are selective with who they make friendships with; have a talent for deducing the mind, will,Show MoreRelatedCareer Choices Are A Reflection On An Individual’S Personality1325 Words   |  6 Pages Career choices are a reflection on an individual’s personality type. It is believed to be reinforced and rewarded by the individual’s academic environment. The theorist, I will discuss in this paper is John Holland theory. Holland’s theory provides a framework that is congruent to one’s personality type. Many personalities are influenced by their environment, which in terms dictates the type of career they choose. The primary purpose of Holland’s theory is for individuals to look for opportunitiesRead MoreHumanistic and Existential Personality Theories Paper1238 Words   |  5 PagesExistential Personality Theories Matrix Humanistic and Existential Personality Theories Matrix Theorists have invested years of research into learning the dynamics of one’s personality. Humanistic and Existential Personality Theories offered perspectives that have proved to be valuable to those researching and exploring how one’s personality develops and expands throughout life. From Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to Carl Rogers’s development of the formativeRead MoreRelationship between Personality, Behavior, and Performance913 Words   |  4 PagesRelationship between Personality, Behavior, Performance Personality is a major factor in how individuals behave and perform in the work environment. For example, traits that are part of ones self-concept will influence how one processes information and predicts future behavior (Chatman, 1999). By examining a persons personality, human resource managers gain insight into what positions are the best fit for an individual, or which individual is a better fit for the position needing to be filledRead MoreEarly Exposure Of Foreign Literature1425 Words   |  6 Pagesof the foremost tools used for social action and change. From describing social climate and conditions to using satires to bring about desired adjustments, literature has played a very important role in the development of social attitudes. Albrecht’s 1954 essay on the relationship between literature and society sums it up perfectly; literature not only acts as a reflection of society but also has an influence on cultural ideals and social stability. In this study, the ai m is to concentrate onRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1678 Words   |  7 PagesNature Versus Nurture Personality development expands far past the environment. Environment contribute to most of the personality development when it comes to nature versus nurture. Nature versus nurture is a trait that is typically inherited in the human society. Humans see things good or bad within the environment and mimic it. There are questions that still remain about nature versus nurture and the environment. Research is still ongoing and theories are still being made or developed. ScientistsRead MoreFamily Influences Our Personality, Behavior, Beliefs and Values1080 Words   |  5 Pages The effects of family and culture can substantially influence ones personality, behaviours, beliefs and values, which correlates positively to the life experiences in part 1. Research has shown the significance of family interactions on stress levels, personality and behavioural traits on younger individuals. The young ones imitate the elders as they have yet to be independent and this process is considered to be an aspect of evolution, via increasing fitness. Environmental factors such as biologicalRead MoreBirth Order Effect On Child Development1070 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Birth Order on a Child’s Development For decades, psychologists have argued the accuracy of the Birth Order Theory, the concept that the order in which children are born has lasting effects on their development. The Birth Order Theory was first introduced by a prominent psychologist named Alfred Alder who suggested that birth order has a lasting impression on one’s personality. The notion that birth order plays a role in one’s intellectual development dates back to 1874 when Sir FrancisRead MoreBiological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality Essay747 Words   |  3 PagesApproaches to Personality Valerye Rogers PSY/250- Psychology of Personality Michael Moore, Instructor February 21, 2011 Biological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality In the following, the author will discuss and analyze the biological and humanistic approaches to personality. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs will be discussed and examined. The author will describe biological factors that influence the formation of personality. The author will examine the relationship of biologicalRead MoreWarren Edward Buffett : World s Most Successful Investor Essay1516 Words   |  7 Pagesthe age of 19. In 1951, Buffett enrolled at Columbia University to pursue A Masters of Science in Economics. Buffett has also been recognized as one of the great thinkers in the world. His contributions to philanthropy can be attributed to his personality, not so common in many people of his caliber. In this respect, Buffett has severally written of his belief that his children will never inherit a substantial amount of his wealth and he would give them just sufficient to feel doing anything, butRead MoreWhy Is Psychology Useful?1541 Words   |  7 Pageshealth. It helps a lot of people tackle their mental illness so that they can continue living their lives. Psychological studies have also aided in drug development and the ability to diagnose various diseases (such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinsons). Psychology is extremely useful in the areas of identifying personality, behaviour in groups and relationship theories, all which are to be experienced by every individual. Psychology makes it clear why humans do the things they do and ways in which people can

Free the Children from Child Labour Free Essays

Free The Children from Child Labour: The Disadvantageous of Child Labour Two hundred million children are suffering in the world! â€Å"the world has an estimated 186 million child labourers – 5,7 million in forced and bonded labor, 1. 8 million in prostitution, and 0. 3 million in armed conflict† . We will write a custom essay sample on Free the Children from Child Labour or any similar topic only for you Order Now ( Basu amp; Tzannatos, 2003, p. 147). In Africa, Asia and the Middle East, a huge number of children are child labourers, and most of them under 14 years old. However, they are working hard as same as adults; they are working long hours every day, and work in harsh, dangerous and harmful conditions. They can’t have normal lives as other children; they can’t go to school and stay with their families, because they must earn money for themselves and their families. Some of child labourers are even used as collateral for loan; their parents use them to obtain money. Finally, a child labour work as a slave, and no future for him. Child labour already becomes a huge and serious problem, and governments must have a law to protect and free the children from child labour, because it causes children have poor education, be abused, and only can get tiny income. Child labour has its specific definition. The International Labor Organization defines child labor as work situations where children are compelled to work on a regular basis to earn a living for themselves and their families, and as a result are disadvantaged educationally and socially; where children work in conditions that are exploitative and damaging to their health and to their physical and mental development; where children are separated from their families, often deprived of educational and training opportunities; where children are forced to lead prematurely adult lives. World Education, 2008). Poor education Lots of people think some child labourers who both work and attend school can learn both general knowledge from school and some special skills from their work; even can be successful in their specific area. However, it is totally wrong. Children only lost their opportunities for education, and they can not get any benefits from child labour. According to Rosati and Rossi . (2003). In their article, â€Å"children’s working hours and school enrolment: evidence from Pakistan and Nicaragua†, working hours always has negative influence for school hours. Some people think school hours are only the time that spend in school and it is fixed, but the fact is school attendance is only the minimum fixed mount of time devoted to school. School hours mostly are not fixed; however, since children go to work, the hours spent at work actually took from unfixed school hours. For example, some child labourers often skip classes, so they dropped out because it is not tolerated by school authorities. Also, no time for preview and review classes; no time for homework, so they can not even pass their classes. Therefore, anytime time spent at work can be used for education, and it must be used for education. Also, child labourers can not learn any professional skills from their work, because most children choose unskilled labour, and they usually working on family farm, bars and restaurants. â€Å"The ILO estimates that about 20 percent of the people working in commercial agriculture in Africa are children. †( Kielland amp; Tovo, 2006, p. 92). In the article, â€Å"child labor in the commercial labor market†, (Kielland and Tovo), (2006), they describe African child labourers working situation in agriculture. Because, the main income comes from agriculture in Africa, and base on the agriculture system and main crops, people need a huge mount of labours in agriculture. For instance, children can gather some certain kinds of crops such as cotton and coffee. During harvest time, people employ a lager numbers of children as pickers. Another example, child labourers prefer work in bars and restaurants, because they can get general incomes and the working condition is much better than work in field. However, no matter work in farms or restaurants, there don’t have any specific skills can be learned for children. Thus, child labour only can cause poor education to children, and can not give them any benefits. Be abused People think work doesn’t harm children, but the truth is children sometimes are abused by their employers such as work as slaves and they may get sexual abuse. Children are easy to exploit through manipulation and psychological control mechanisms. They fear of violence and punishment. Also, they are inexperienced in life, so they only can trust adults. Thus, children easily get abuse from employers and are controlled by adults. For instance, in the coffee farm in Africa, a worker told a boy about a child who tried to escape, but failed. The child was caught and badly beaten. This made the boy afraid and scared. Therefore, fear of punishment make children keep working as slaves for employers. (Kielland amp; Tovo, 2006). Sexual abuse is really common in African child labourers. It causes some serious problem to children such as HIV/AIDS. Working children get sexual abuse more than non working children. For instance, according to Kielland and Tovo. (2006). In their article, â€Å"child labour in the commercial labor market†, girls work in restaurants longer than boys, and working late hours in a place where alcohol is served. Some girls provide service which is far beyond food and drinks. Because there have no general responsibility for those female child labourers, and people think it is a good way to earn money, girls provide sexual service for their male clients. Thus, child labour harms children so much, and it is damaging to children’s health and physical development. Tiny income Most people believe if let children work, and they can give a huge help to their families because they can get income from their work. However, children only can earn a tiny income because of their unique and vulnerable position. According to Kielland and Tovo. (2006). In their article, â€Å"child labour in the commercial labor market†, a child labour only can get half, a third, or even less salary than an adult’s salary. They work as hard as adults, but they can’t gat a salary same as adults because even they only can get a tiny income they still keep working. Especially, when a child leaves home along, he doesn’t have any other choices. Sometimes, child labourers can’t even get any salary. For example, if a child be a part of household work, he isn’t paid at all. In Malawi, children help their families work on the land as adjustable labourers during the heaviest time. They help produce tobacco as part of their tenant families, but no payment because they are not employed directly by their families. On the other hand, sometimes, employers may save the salaries on behalf of the children, or they may pay for children at the end of the year. During this time, if children run away, they may lose all of their salaries. (Kielland amp; Tovo, 2006). Besides, according to Christiaensen, Demery and Paternostro. (2003). In their article, â€Å"macro and micro perspective of growth and poverty in Africa†, let children to participate in household work can not make a change of income for the family. They think â€Å"education and access to land emerge as key private endowments to help households benefit from new economic opportunities. † (Christiaensen, Demery amp; Paternostro, 2003, p. 317). Therefore, don’t let children to earn income for family because they only can earn less than a minimum wage or no wages at all. In conclusion, child labour causes children lose their opportunities to go to school; get abuse, both physical and sexual from their employers, and they only can earn tiny wages. Children are vulnerable and they need parents’ protection. Child labour must be ended! Education is the key to ending the exploitation of children. Ending poverty and increasing access to education are therefore crucial tools in the fight against ending child labour. Also, governments must have law to protect children keep away from child labour, and give opportunities to children to create their future. Every single child has a dream, and let us makes their dreams come true! References Basu, K. amp; Tzannatos, Z. (2003). The global child labor problem: What do we know and what can we do? The World Bank Economic Review, 17(2), 147-173. Christiaensen, L. , Demery, L. amp;Paternostro, S. (2003). Macro and micro perspectives of growth and poverty in Africa. The World Bank Economic Review, 17(3), 317-347. Kielland, A. amp; Tovo, M. (2006). Children at work: Child labor practices in Africa. United States of American: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc. Rosati, F. C. amp; Rossi, M. (2003). Children’s working hours and school enrolment: Evidence from Pakistan and Nicaragua. The World Bank Economic Review, 17(2), 283-295. World Education. (2008, February 4). Child labor and trafficking. Retrieved February 5, 2008, from http://www. worlded. org/WEIInter net/projects/ListProjects. cfm? Select=Topicamp;ID= 14amp;ShowProjects=Noamp;gclid=CKawtIe4wo8CFSJAQQodNGapRQ How to cite Free the Children from Child Labour, Papers

Ethnographic Approach to Audience Research - Sample Solution

Question: What does an ethnographic approach to audience research involve? Briefly discuss how this approach compares with other approaches to audience study and briefly outline the strengths and weaknesses of this approach in audience research. Answer: Elements of Ethnographic approach Ethnographic approach towards audience research is a qualitative method and has some distinctive aspects that differentiate it from some of the other conventional research or survey methods. One of the integral aspects of ethnographic approach of audience research is that certain aspects of the sample, selected for media research, are scrutinized and studied thoroughly (Wimmer, Dominick, 2013). Based on these observations, certain hypothesis is formed, thus reversing the traditional process of designing research on the basis of a chosen hypothesis. The basic tenets of ethnographic approach to audience research are as follows: In depth questioning Active listening Observation Deduction The objective of the basic pattern of ethnographic approach to audience research is to unearth certain traits and behavioral aspects of the chosen sample size. Traditionally, in media research, ethnographic groups were used to assess the behavioral aspects of existing and potential audiences, belonging to a separate society. However, over the years, ethnographic approach has been applied to reveal certain aspects of the subcultures that are formed within a larger society, which is otherwise familiar to the researchers as a whole (Pink, 2013). Thus, ethnographic research is used as a tool to study an alien society as well as to delve deeper with an otherwise familiar society and community and unearth the traits of a subculture formed within it. Ethnographic studies, conducted on short notice, may involve group discussions, based on certain questions directed at identifying the traits of a particular group. In this case, the group is not informed about the purpose of the research and h ypothesis is formed on the basis of the collected data. However, ethnographic approach is traditionally conducted by interaction with the chosen samples in real life environments. These informal interactions often reveal certain useful behavioral traits. These information are utilized to create programs that are suited to audiences tastes and perceptions (Stokes, 2012). Comparison of methodologies Some of the other prominent forms of media research methodologies are: Media Diary method Q Method Media Diary method is used to maximize the scopes of expression of the participants in the research. The participants are asked to maintain diaries, wherein they can maintain records of various aspects that include hours spent on a particular form of media, usage patterns and particular experiences or perceptions related to viewing or listening of certain forms of media. One of the main characteristics of this method is that the participants are assured of greater levels of privacy, as compared to some of the other forms of media researches. This is because, the respondents the opinions and feedbacks of the respondents will be accessible only to the person conducting the research. Ethnographic approach is used as a tool to reveal the current behavioral aspects of the respondents in terms of media uses. Media diaries are used to obtain information regarding audience tastes and preferences that are expected to remain constant in the long run (Jensen, 2013). These preferences are likely to stay unchanged in the near future. Q factor methodology is used to sort multiple and distinct viewpoints of the selected respondents. In this type of study, the respondents are asked to rank or arrange a number of pre identified factors or elements. A correlation is formed among the choices or preferences associated by a respondent to the various factors. The responses to the expressed preferences are linked and used to form a cohesive idea about the overall viewpoint of the respondent (Davis Michelle, 2011). Ethnography is often used to study the cultural traits displayed by a particular society or community. It involves grouping or classifying groups based on certain traits. Q factor methodology involves forming holistic idea on an individual basis. The individual data are subsequently linked to correlate the perceptions of a group. Assessment of ethnography approach Like the other prominent media research methods, ethnographic approach has certain strengths and weaknesses. The strengths of this approach are as follows: It is conducted by interacting with the respondents in a real life scenario. This minimizes scopes of errors that might have occurred if a respondent was asked to remember an experience in a prearranged research environment (Brennen, 2012). There is no rigid hypothesis for conducting the researches. Rather the hypothesis is unbiased and can be formed or discarded based on the observations and deductions. This approach can be used to reveal finer traits that could not be exposed by other media research methods. The weaknesses of this approach are as follows: Small sample sizes may be considered as representative of a larger group of potential or existing audiences, leading to generalization (Anderson, 2011). It often rises ethical issues related to the privacy of the respondents References Wimmer, Roger Dominick, Joseph 2013, Mass Media Research, Cengage Learning, USA. Pink, Sarah 2013, Doing Visual Ethnography, SAGE, USA. Stokes, Jane 2012, How to Do Media and Cultural Studies, SAGE, USA. Jensen, Klaus Bruhn 2013, A Handbook of Media Communication and Research: Qualitative and Quantitative methodologies, Routledge, UK. Brennen, Bonnie S 2012, Qualitative Research Methods for Media Studies, Routledge, UK. Anderson, James A 2011, Media Research Methods: Understanding Metric and Interpretive Approaches, SAGE, USA. Journal Davis, Charles H Michelle, Carolyn 2011, Q Methodology in Audience Research: Bridging the Qualitative/ Quantitative Divide?, Journal of Audience Reception Studies, vol 8 (2), pp 560-561.

Embryonic Stem Cell Research How does it affect y Essay Example For Students

Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect y Essay ou? Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect y Essayou? Embryonic stem cell research is widely controversial in the scientific world. Issues on the ethics of Embryonic Stem (ES) cell research have created pandemonium in our society. The different views on this subject are well researched and supportive. The facts presented have the capability to support or possibly change the publics perspective. This case study is based on facts and concerns that much of the research done on embryonic stem cells is derived from human embryos. This case study will provide others with a more in depth view of both sides of this great debate. In biological terms, embryonic stem cells posses a virtually unlimited future. Adult stem cell research has produced results that could help many patients with various diseases, but proponents of embryonic stem cell research argue that the progress in adult stem cell research should not preclude embryonic stem cell research (Kukla, 2002). As of November 2004, California residents voted yes to approve $3 billion dollars for stem cell research. Michelle Lane, who is the state coordinator for the Parkinsons Action Network in Louisiana, was not only relieved to see this go through but because she has early on-set signs of Parkinsons disease she says It proves we can win this battle. Kalb, C. (2004) Scientists believe that using embryonic stem cells offers the most possibilities in scientific research; these cells have the capability to develop into any of the 210 cells found in the human body including heart cells, nerve cells, muscle cells, and skin cells. The budding capacity of the embryonic stem cell may prove useful for treatment of some medical conditions including Alzheimers and Parkinsons disease, diabetes, spinal cord injuries, heart disease and cancer. The prospective advantage of using embryonic stem cells is fascinating. Embryonic stem cells are capable of becoming any cell type in the body making them more versatile than adult stem cells. There is a possibility that the patients body can reject the adult cells because their derivative is from cells that are not a patients own. Supporters of research state that stem cells from embryos are acceptable for research since the embryos are not considered to be human and is vital to the possible future cure of some debilitating diseases including Alzheimers and paraplegia. Researchers justify their work by stating the benefits out weigh the arguments against doing the research and do not consider the embryos to be human beings. Researchers have stated that while the embryos have cells like living human beings, they themselves are not human. A belief as such, justifies embryonic stem cell research for those who perform or support it. The use of private funding has uncovered the existent of more than sixty genetically diverse stem cell lines. The use of federal funds for research on these existing sixty stem cell lines, where the life and death decision has already been made would allow us to explore the promise and potential of stem cell research without crossing a fundamental moral line by providing taxpayer funding that would sanction or encourage further destruction of human embryos that have at least the potential for life. Based on preliminary work that has been mainly funded privately, scientists believe further research using stem cells offers great promise that could improve the lives of those who suffer from many terrible diseases from juvenile diabetes to Alzheimers, from Parkinsons to spinal cord injuries. Adequate funding for embryonic stem cell research will allow scientist to discover more possibilities of what stem cells are capable of doing. These possibilities include drug testing and cell-based therapies that cover a wide range of applications; differentiating into desired cell-types, generating sufficient quantities of tissue, and survival of the cells and recipient after the transplant. .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 , .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .postImageUrl , .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 , .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706:hover , .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706:visited , .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706:active { border:0!important; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706:active , .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706 .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf29271fd42ce5e7585a72b40338a8706:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pro Gay Marriage EssayNo benefits from embryo stem can possibly outweigh the moral cost of destroying human life, (Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity, 2002) the definition of when a life begins is unclear. This creates the ethical issue of destroying a life for research that possibly can save lives. To destroy a life is ethically wrong no matter what the gain from it may be. The duty to heal the sick cannot .